Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21526184›Full record

ArticlePloS one2011

Change of positive selection pressure on HIV-1 envelope gene inferred by early and recent samples.

Izumi Yoshida, Wataru Sugiura, Junko Shibata, Fengrong Ren, Ziheng Yang, Hiroshi Tanaka

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Article
  4. Many human RNA viruses show extraordinarily stringent selective constraints on protein evolution.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019
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  10. Captured retroviral envelope syncytin gene associated with the unique placental structure of higher ruminants.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Izumi YoshidaSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Wataru Sugiura
Junko Shibata
Fengrong Ren
Ziheng Yang
Hiroshi Tanaka
Tokyo Medical and Dental University · JPNagoya Medical Center · JPNational Institute of Infectious Diseases · JPUniversity College London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

HIV-1 infection has been on the rise in Japan recently, and the main transmission route has changed from blood transmission in the 1980s to homo- and/or hetero-sexual transmission in the 2000s. The lack of early viral samples with clinical information made it difficult to investigate the possible virological changes over time. In this study, we sequenced 142 full-length env genes collected from 16 Japanese subjects infected with HIV-1 in the 1980s and in the 2000s. We examined the diversity change in sequences and potential adaptive evolution of the virus to the host population. We used a codon-based likelihood method under the branch-site and clade models to detect positive selection operating on the virus. The clade model was extended to account for different positive selection pressures in different viral populations. The result showed that the selection pressure was weaker in the 2000s than in the 1980s, indicating that it might have become easier for the HIV to infect a new host and to develop into AIDS now than 20 years ago and that the HIV may be becoming more virulent in the Japanese population. The study provides useful information on the surveillance of HIV infection and highlights the utility of the extended clade models in analysis of virus populations which may be under different selection pressures.

Indexed as

Selection, GeneticAsian PeopleBase SequenceDatabases as Topicenv Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusEpitopesHIV-1Host-Pathogen InteractionsHumansJapanLikelihood FunctionsModels, GeneticMolecular Sequence DataPhylogenyenv Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusEpitopes

Identifiers

PMID21526184
PMCPMC3079721
OpenAlexW1990476012

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.