ArticlePloS one2011
Global changes in Staphylococcus aureus gene expression in human blood.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 156 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
156 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Host-Bacterium Interaction Mechanisms inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- Profiling of genetic determinants required for fitness of community-associated methicillin-resistantMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Host-driven remodelling of theMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2026Review
- Integrated multi-omics reveals coordinatedmSystems · 2026Article
- Article
- Zoonotic potential of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pets and their owners in Bangladesh.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Dual RNA isolation from blood: an optimized protocol for host and bacterial RNA purification for dual RNA-sequencing analysis in whole blood sepsis samples.Microbial genomics · 2025Article
- The Susceptibility Profiles of Human Peripheral Blood Cells toMicroorganisms · 2025Review
- Linking Virulence and Iron Limitation Response inJournal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Review
- Contribution of Leukocidin ED to the Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus Endophthalmitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Integrated genomic and proteomic analysis of the mouse-adaptedCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- Forssman and the staphylococcal hemolysins.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2025Review
- The Relative Importance of Cytotoxins Produced by Methicillin-ResistantMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Article
- Determinants of bacterial survival and proliferation in blood.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- The intricate link between membrane lipid structure and composition and membrane structural properties in bacterial membranes.Chemical science · 2024Review
- The role of Staphylococcus aureus quorum sensing in cutaneous and systemic infections.Inflammation and regeneration · 2024Review
96 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of bloodstream infections worldwide. In the United States, many of these infections are caused by a strain known as USA300. Although progress has been made, our understanding of the S. aureus molecules that promote survival in human blood and ultimately facilitate metastases is incomplete. To that end, we analyzed the USA300 transcriptome during culture in human blood, human serum, and trypticase soy broth (TSB), a standard laboratory culture media. Notably, genes encoding several cytolytic toxins were up-regulated in human blood over time, and hlgA, hlgB, and hlgC (encoding gamma-hemolysin subunits HlgA, HlgB, and HlgC) were among the most highly up-regulated genes at all time points. Compared to culture supernatants from a wild-type USA300 strain (LAC), those derived from an isogenic hlgABC-deletion strain (LACΔhlgABC) had significantly reduced capacity to form pores in human neutrophils and ultimately cause neutrophil lysis. Moreover, LACΔhlgABC had modestly reduced ability to cause mortality in a mouse bacteremia model. On the other hand, wild-type and LACΔhlgABC strains caused virtually identical abscesses in a mouse skin infection model, and bacterial survival and neutrophil lysis after phagocytosis in vitro was similar between these strains. Comparison of the cytolytic capacity of culture supernatants from wild-type and isogenic deletion strains lacking hlgABC, lukS/F-PV (encoding PVL), and/or lukDE revealed functional redundancy among two-component leukotoxins in vitro. These findings, along with a requirement of specific growth conditions for leukotoxin expression, may explain the apparent limited contribution of any single two-component leukotoxin to USA300 immune evasion and virulence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.