Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21525508›Full record

ArticleDiabetes2011

How does type 1 diabetes develop?: the notion of homicide or β-cell suicide revisited.

Mark A Atkinson, Jeffrey A Bluestone, George S Eisenbarth, Matthias Hebrok, Kevan C Herold, Domenico Accili, Massimo Pietropaolo, Peter R Arvan, Matthias Von Herrath, Dorene S Markel and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 143 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
143citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

143 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  14. Article
  15. IFN-α Induces Heterogenous ROS Production in Human β-Cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

83 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Mark A AtkinsonDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA. atkinson@ufl.edu
Jeffrey A Bluestone
George S Eisenbarth
Matthias Hebrok
Kevan C Herold
Domenico Accili
Massimo Pietropaolo
Peter R Arvan
Matthias Von Herrath
Dorene S Markel
Christopher J Rhodes

Funding

IMPROVING PREDICTION OF IDDMR01DK053456 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI HERMAN, MARK A, REDONDO, MARIA JOSE · 1999 to 2021
$9.5M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK053456
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

AnimalsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1HumansHyperglycemiaInflammationInsulinInsulin-Secreting CellsModels, BiologicalRatsInsulin

Identifiers

PMID21525508
PMCPMC3292309

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.