Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21524210›Full record

ArticleThe New England journal of medicine2011

IRF8 mutations and human dendritic-cell immunodeficiency.

Sophie Hambleton, Sandra Salem, Jacinta Bustamante, Venetia Bigley, Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis, Joana Azevedo, Anny Fortin, Muzlifah Haniffa, Lourdes Ceron-Gutierrez, Chris M Bacon and 28 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in The New England journal of medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 341 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
341citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
22.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

341 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 586 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Article
  8. Fungal Infections in Disorders of Inborn Errors of Immunity.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026
    Review
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  19. Human immunity to fungal infections.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025
    Review
  20. Article

281 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

38 authors at 17 institutions in 11 countries.

Sophie HambletonInstitute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom.
Sandra Salem
Jacinta Bustamante
Venetia Bigley
Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
Joana Azevedo
Anny Fortin
Muzlifah Haniffa
Lourdes Ceron-Gutierrez
Chris M Bacon
Geetha Menon
Céline Trouillet
David McDonald
Peter Carey
Florent Ginhoux
Laia Alsina
Timothy J Zumwalt
Xiao-Fei Kong
Dinakantha Kumararatne
Karina Butler
Marjorie Hubeau
Jacqueline Feinberg
Saleh Al-Muhsen
Andrew Cant
Laurent Abel
Damien Chaussabel
Rainer Doffinger
Eduardo Talesnik
Anete Grumach
Alberto Duarte
Katia Abarca
Dewton Moraes-Vasconcelos
David Burk
Albert Berghuis
Frédéric Geissmann
Matthew Collin
Jean-Laurent Casanova
Philippe Gros
Newcastle University · GBMcGill University · CAAddenbrooke's Hospital · GBBaylor University · USDélégation Paris 5 · FRRockefeller University · USKing's College London · GBNewcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust · GBPontificia Universidad Católica de Chile · CLUniversidade de São Paulo · BRAgency for Science, Technology and Research · SGInserm · FRKing Saud University · SAOur Lady's Hospital · IESingapore Immunology Network · SGUniversité Paris Cité · FRUniversity of Newcastle Australia · AU

Funding

TRANSFORMING TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION TO BENEFIT HUMAN HEALTHUL1RR024143 · NCRR · ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY · PI COLLER, BARRY · 2006 to 2011
$49.1M
Genome-Wide Dissection of Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial DiseaseR37AI095983 · NIAID · ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY · PI CASANOVA, JEAN-LAURENT · 2011 to 2020
$4.6M
A genetic dissection of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD)R01AI089970 · NIAID · ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY · PI CASANOVA, JEAN-LAURENT · 2010 to 2014
$2.5M
NRAMP1 IN MACROPHAGE DEFENCES AGAINST INFECTIONSR01AI035237 · NIAID · MCGILL UNIVERSITY · PI GROS, PHILIPPE · 1993 to 2015
$2.3M
CIHR MOP106424European Research Council 261299Medical Research Council G0701897Medical Research Council G0800358Medical Research Council G0900867NCRR NIH HHS 5UL1RR024143-03NIAID NIH HHS AI089970NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI035237NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI089970NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI095983Wellcome Trust WT088555MA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe genetic analysis of human primary immunodeficiencies has defined the contribution of specific cell populations and molecular pathways in the host defense against infection. Disseminated infection caused by bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines is an early manifestation of primary immunodeficiencies, such as severe combined immunodeficiency. In many affected persons, the cause of disseminated BCG disease is unexplained.

methodsWe evaluated an infant presenting with features of severe immunodeficiency, including early-onset disseminated BCG disease, who required hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. We also studied two otherwise healthy subjects with a history of disseminated but curable BCG disease in childhood. We characterized the monocyte and dendritic-cell compartments in these three subjects and sequenced candidate genes in which mutations could plausibly confer susceptibility to BCG disease.

resultsWe detected two distinct disease-causing mutations affecting interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8). Both K108E and T80A mutations impair IRF8 transcriptional activity by disrupting the interaction between IRF8 and DNA. The K108E variant was associated with an autosomal recessive severe immunodeficiency with a complete lack of circulating monocytes and dendritic cells. The T80A variant was associated with an autosomal dominant, milder immunodeficiency and a selective depletion of CD11c+CD1c+ circulating dendritic cells.

conclusionsThese findings define a class of human primary immunodeficiencies that affect the differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes. They also show that human IRF8 is critical for the development of monocytes and dendritic cells and for antimycobacterial immunity. (Funded by the Medical Research Council and others.).

Indexed as

MutationAdolescentAdultAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntigen-Presenting CellsBCG VaccineDendritic CellsFemaleGenes, DominantHumansImmunologic Deficiency SyndromesInfantInterferon Regulatory Factor-8Interferon Regulatory FactorsInterleukin-12BCG VaccineInterferon Regulatory Factor-8Interferon Regulatory FactorsInterleukin-12

Identifiers

PMID21524210
PMCPMC3136554
OpenAlexW2153570621

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.