ArticleThe Journal of physiology2011
Brain glycogen decreases during prolonged exercise.
Article in The Journal of physiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of carbohydrate drinks ingestion on executive function in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Pooled it
- Hippocampal structure, metabolism, and inflammatory response after a 6-week intense aerobic exercise in healthy young adults: a controlled trial.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2015Trial
- Exercise Increases the Sensitivity of Cerebral Glucose Metabolism to Intranasal Insulin in Young, Healthy Adults.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Article
- Neurometabolic substrate utilization governs oxidative phosphorylation conductance in cortex and hippocampus.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- From energy metabolism to mood regulation: The rise of lactate as a therapeutic target.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Antifatigue Effects of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Chronic Treatment on Mice.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Dual Role of Lactate in the Exercising Brain: Fueling Energy and Signaling Fatigue.Advances in neurobiology · 2025Review
- Exercise-Induced Central Fatigue: Biomarkers and Non-Medicinal Interventions.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Single and consecutive 10-day remote ischemic preconditioning modify physical performance, post-exercise exerkine levels, and inflammation.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Multinuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at Ultra-High-Field: Assessing Human Cerebral Metabolism in Healthy and Diseased States.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Melatonin Potentiates Exercise-Induced Increases in Skeletal Muscle PGC-1Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Lactate Is Answerable for Brain Function and Treating Brain Diseases: Energy Substrates and Signal Molecule.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Acute melatonin administration improves exercise tolerance and the metabolic recovery after exhaustive effort.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Muscle Glycogen Metabolism and High-Intensity Exercise Performance: A Narrative Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Review
- Comparison of intrinsic exercise capacity and response to acute exercise in ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice derived from three different lineages.Laboratory animal research · 2021Article
- Norepinephrine Regulation of Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus Astrocyte Glycogen Metabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Lactate as Potential Mediators for Exercise-Induced Positive Effects on Neuroplasticity and Cerebrovascular Plasticity.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- From Prokaryotes to Eukaryotes: Insights Into the Molecular Structure of Glycogen Particles.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Dynamic Variations in Brain Glycogen are Involved in Modulating Isoflurane Anesthesia in Mice.Neuroscience bulletin · 2020Article
- Reevaluation of Astrocyte-Neuron Energy Metabolism with Astrocyte Volume Fraction Correction: Impact on Cellular Glucose Oxidation Rates, Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle Energetics, Glycogen Levels and Utilization Rates vs. Exercising Muscle, and NaNeurochemical research · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Brain glycogen could be a critical energy source for brain activity when the glucose supply from the blood is inadequate (hypoglycaemia). Although untested, it is hypothesized that during prolonged exhaustive exercise that induces hypoglycaemia and muscular glycogen depletion, the resultant hypoglycaemia may cause a decrease in brain glycogen. Here,we tested this hypothesis and also investigated the possible involvement of brain monoamines with the reduced levels of brain glycogen. For this purpose,we exercised male Wistar rats on a treadmill for different durations (30-120 min) at moderate intensity (20 m min⁻¹) and measured their brain glycogen levels using high-power microwave irradiation (10 kW). At the end of 30 and 60 min of running, the brain glycogen levels remained unchanged from resting levels, but liver and muscle glycogen decreased. After 120 min of running, the glycogen levels decreased significantly by ∼37-60% in five discrete brain loci (the cerebellum 60%, cortex 48%, hippocampus 43%, brainstem 37% and hypothalamus 34%) compared to those of the sedentary control. The brain glycogen levels in all five regions after running were positively correlated with the respective blood and brain glucose levels. Further, in the cortex, the levels of methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), potential involved in degradation of the brain glycogen, increased during prolonged exercise and negatively correlated with the glycogen levels. These results support the hypothesis that brain glycogen could decrease with prolonged exhaustive exercise. Increased monoamines together with hypoglycaemia should be associated with the development of decreased brain glycogen, suggesting a new clue towards the understanding of central fatigue during prolonged exercise.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.