Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21516129›Full record

ReviewOncogene2011

Fasting vs dietary restriction in cellular protection and cancer treatment: from model organisms to patients.

C Lee, V D Longo

Registry-linked trialAbstract readComparative StudyReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Oncogene, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05921149 (A Randomized Controlled Study of a Fasting Mimicking Diet), which is not on this map. Cited by 157 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
157citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
10.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05921149 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

A Randomized Controlled Study of a Fasting Mimicking Diet (FMD) in Conjunction With Combination Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in the Treatment of Patients With Advanced or Recurrent Ovarian, Fallopian Tube and Primary Peritoneal Cancer

TypeinterventionalSponsorEndeavor HealthRan2024 to 2031Enrolled170ConditionsOvarian Cancer, Chemotherapeutic ToxicityArmsFasting Mimicking Diet (Xentigen by L'Nutra), Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, Standard diet
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

157 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 303 citations in OpenAlex.

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  18. Mechanisms driving fasting-induced protection from genotoxic injury in the small intestine.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2024
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97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

C LeeAndrus Gerontology Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA.
V D Longo
University of Southern California · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The dietary recommendation for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, as described by the American Cancer Society, is to increase calorie and protein intake. Yet, in simple organisms, mice, and humans, fasting--no calorie intake--induces a wide range of changes associated with cellular protection, which would be difficult to achieve even with a cocktail of potent drugs. In mammals, the protective effect of fasting is mediated, in part, by an over 50% reduction in glucose and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) levels. Because proto-oncogenes function as key negative regulators of the protective changes induced by fasting, cells expressing oncogenes, and therefore the great majority of cancer cells, should not respond to the protective signals generated by fasting, promoting the differential protection (differential stress resistance) of normal and cancer cells. Preliminary reports indicate that fasting for up to 5 days followed by a normal diet, may also protect patients against chemotherapy without causing chronic weight loss. By contrast, the long-term 20 to 40% restriction in calorie intake (dietary restriction, DR), whose effects on cancer progression have been studied extensively for decades, requires weeks-months to be effective, causes much more modest changes in glucose and/or IGF-I levels, and promotes chronic weight loss in both rodents and humans. In this study, we review the basic as well as clinical studies on fasting, cellular protection and chemotherapy resistance, and compare them to those on DR and cancer treatment. Although additional pre-clinical and clinical studies are necessary, fasting has the potential to be translated into effective clinical interventions for the protection of patients and the improvement of therapeutic index.

Indexed as

Caloric RestrictionModels, AnimalAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsFastingHumansNeoplasmsStress, PhysiologicalAntineoplastic Agents

Identifiers

PMID21516129
OpenAlexW2139271329

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.