ArticleMolecular oncology2011
Reversal of gastrointestinal carcinoma-induced immunosuppression and induction of antitumoural immunity by a combination of cyclophosphamide and gene transfer of IL-12.
Article in Molecular oncology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dynamic Evolution of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Malignant Tumors and Emerging Therapeutic Paradigms.MedComm · 2025Review
- Metformin improves cancer immunotherapy by directly rescuing tumor-infiltrating CD8 T lymphocytes from hypoxia-induced immunosuppression.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Article
- How the Tumor Micromilieu Modulates the Recruitment and Activation of Colorectal Cancer-Infiltrating Lymphocytes.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer.iLIVER · 2022Review
- Colorectal Cancer-Infiltrating Regulatory T Cells: Functional Heterogeneity, Metabolic Adaptation, and Therapeutic Targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Regulatory role of the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway in the drug resistance of gastrointestinal cancers.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2021Review
- Review
- 4Mu Decreases CD47 Expression on Hepatic Cancer Stem Cells and Primes a Potent Antitumor T Cell Response Induced by Interleukin-12.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2018Article
- Sampling depth of a diffuse reflectance spectroscopy probe for in-vivo physiological quantification of murine subcutaneous tumor allografts.Journal of biomedical optics · 2018Article
- Functions of pancreatic stellate cell-derived soluble factors in the microenvironment of pancreatic ductal carcinoma.Oncotarget · 2017Review
- Article
- Gene therapy based on interleukin-12 loaded chitosan nanoparticles in a mouse model of fibrosarcoma.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2016Article
- Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling by 4-Methylumbelliferone Boosts the Antitumor Effect of Combined Immunotherapy in Murine Colorectal Carcinoma.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2015Article
- New insights into IL-12-mediated tumor suppression.Cell death and differentiation · 2015Review
- Regulation of IL-10 and IL-12 production and function in macrophages and dendritic cells.F1000Research · 2015Review
- Article
- Article
- Rapamycin enhances adenovirus-mediated cancer imaging and therapy in pre-immunized murine hosts.PloS one · 2013Article
- Chemoimmunotherapy for advanced gastrointestinal carcinomas: A successful combination of gene therapy and cyclophosphamide.Oncoimmunology · 2012Article
- IL-12 based gene therapy in veterinary medicine.Journal of translational medicine · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunotherapy-based strategies for gastrointestinal carcinomas (GIC) have been exploited so far, but these approaches have to face strong mechanisms of immune escape induced by tumours. We previously demonstrated that sub-therapeutic doses of an adenovirus expressing IL-12 genes (AdIL-12) mediated a potent antitumour effect against subcutaneous (s.c.) colorectal carcinomas (CRC) in mice pre-treated with low doses of cyclophosphamide (Cy). In our study we used this combination to assess its impact on the immunosuppressive microenvironment. In s.c. CRC model we demonstrated that non-responder mice failed to decrease Tregs in tumour, spleen and peripheral blood. Reconstitution of Tregs into tumour-bearing mice treated with combined therapy abolished the antitumoural effect. In addition, Cy + AdIL-12 modified Tregs functionality by inhibiting the in vitro secretion of IL-10 and TGF-β and their ability to inhibit dendritic cells activation. Combined treatment decreased the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in comparison to non-treated mice and, interestingly, administration of Tregs restored splenic MDSCs population. Furthermore, combined therapy potently generated specific cytotoxic IFN-γ-secreting CD4+ T cells able to eradicate established CRC tumours after adoptive transfer. Finally, we evaluated the combination on disseminated CRC and pancreatic carcinoma (PC). Cy + AdIL-12 were able to eradicate liver metastatic CRC (47%) and PC tumour nodules (40%) and to prolong animal survival. The results of this study support the hypothesis that Cy + AdIL-12 might be a valid immunotherapeutic strategy for advanced GIC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.