ArticleThe American journal of pathology2011
Selection of brain metastasis-initiating breast cancer cells determined by growth on hard agar.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcriptional reprogramming triggered by neonatal UV radiation or Lkb1 loss prevents BRAFOncogene · 2025Article
- Astrocyte-induced Cdk5 expedites breast cancer brain metastasis by suppressing MHC-I expression to evade immune recognition.Nature cell biology · 2024Article
- Spelling Out CICs: A Multi-Organ Examination of the Contributions of Cancer Initiating Cells' Role in Tumor Progression.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2022Review
- Targeting Brain-Adaptive Cancer Stem Cells Prohibits Brain Metastatic Colonization of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Cancer research · 2018Article
- Amigo2-upregulation in Tumour Cells Facilitates Their Attachment to Liver Endothelial Cells Resulting in Liver Metastases.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Characterization of different CTC subpopulations in non-small cell lung cancer.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Decreased Expression of BNC1 and BNC2 Is Associated with Genetic or Epigenetic Regulation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Article
- Breast cancer brain metastases: biology and new clinical perspectives.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2016Review
- Basonuclin-1 modulates epithelial plasticity and TGF-β1-induced loss of epithelial cell integrity.Oncogene · 2015Article
- The GALNT9, BNC1 and CCDC8 genes are frequently epigenetically dysregulated in breast tumours that metastasise to the brain.Clinical epigenetics · 2015Article
- Highly adaptable triple-negative breast cancer cells as a functional model for testing anticancer agents.PloS one · 2014Article
- Innovative therapeutic strategies in the treatment of brain metastases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2013Article
- A 3D fibrous scaffold inducing tumoroids: a platform for anticancer drug development.PloS one · 2013Article
- The role of cancer stem cells and miRNAs in defining the complexities of brain metastasis.Journal of cellular physiology · 2013Review
- Selection of metastatic breast cancer cells based on adaptability of their metabolic state.PloS one · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
An approach that facilitates rapid isolation and characterization of tumor cells with enhanced metastatic potential is highly desirable. Here, we demonstrate that plating GI-101A human breast cancer cells on hard (0.9%) agar selects for the subpopulation of metastasis-initiating cells. The agar-selected cells, designated GI-AGR, were homogeneous for CD44(+) and CD133(+) and five times more invasive than the parental GI-101A cells. Moreover, mice injected with GI-AGR cells had significantly more experimental brain metastases and shorter overall survival than did mice injected with GI-101A cells. Comparative gene expression analysis revealed that GI-AGR cells were markedly distinct from the parental cells but shared an overlapping pattern of gene expression with the GI-101A subline GI-BRN, which was generated by repeated in vivo recycling of GI-101A cells in an experimental brain metastasis model. Data mining on 216 genes shared between GI-AGR and GI-BRN breast cancer cells suggested that the molecular phenotype of these cells is consistent with that of cancer stem cells and the aggressive basal subtype of breast cancer. Collectively, these results demonstrate that analysis of cell growth in a hard agar assay is a powerful tool for selecting metastasis-initiating cells in a heterogeneous population of breast cancer cells, and that such selected cells have properties similar to those of tumor cells that are selected based on their potential to form metastases in mice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.