Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21508749›Full record

Trial reportObstetrics and gynecology2011

Continuation and satisfaction of reversible contraception.

Jeffrey F Peipert, Qiuhong Zhao, Jenifer E Allsworth, Emiko Petrosky, Tessa Madden, David Eisenberg, Gina Secura

5 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract readClinical TrialComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Obstetrics and gynecology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 203 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
203citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
33.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01411995 nacompletednot on this map

Randomized Controlled Trial of Cervical Lidocaine for Intrauterine Device Insertion Pain

TypeinterventionalSponsorWashington University School of MedicineRan2011 to 2011Enrolled200ConditionsPainArms2% lidocaine gel, Water based lubricant
NCT01816932 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2013, after this paper: background citation

Home or Office Visit for Insertion of Etonogestrel Implant: A Pilot Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorCase Western Reserve UniversityRan2013 to 2014Enrolled40ConditionsContraceptionArmsHome Visit, Office visit
NCT01986439 unknown statusnot on this map

The Contraceptive Choice Project

TypeobservationalSponsorEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)Ran2007 to 2016Enrolled9,256ConditionsUnintended Pregnancy, Teen Births, Abortion, Contraception
NCT02267616 nacompletednot on this map

Effectiveness of Prolonged Use of IUD/Implant for Contraception

TypeinterventionalSponsorIndiana UniversityRan2011 to 2021Enrolled1,076ConditionsContraceptionArmsEtonogestrel Implant
NCT02380781 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Contraceptive Counseling in the Postpartum Period

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterRan2015 to 2018Enrolled179ConditionsPostpartum Contraceptive CounselingArmsInformation in the form of a video
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

203 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 558 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Misoprostol for intrauterine device placement.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
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  8. Dietary intake and eating behavior in depot medroxyprogesterone acetate users: a systematic review.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2018
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143 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jeffrey F PeipertFrom the Division of Clinical Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Qiuhong Zhao
Jenifer E Allsworth
Emiko Petrosky
Tessa Madden
David Eisenberg
Gina Secura
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development · US

Funding

Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (UL1)UL1RR024992 · NCRR · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI EVANOFF, BRADLEY A · 2007 to 2011
$45.4M
Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (KL2)KL2RR024994 · NCRR · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI EVANOFF, BRADLEY A · 2007 to 2011
$8.6M
INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH CAREERS IN WOMEN'S HEALTHK12HD001459 · NICHD · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI SEMENKOVICH, CLAY F. · 2000 to 2014
$6.9M
MIDCAREER INVESTIGATOR AWARD IN WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCHK24HD001298 · NICHD · WOMEN AND INFANTS HOSPITAL-RHODE ISLAND · PI PEIPERT, JEFFREY FRANK · 2000 to 2009
$1.1M
NCRR NIH HHS KL2 RR024994NCRR NIH HHS KL2RR024994NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024992NCRR NIH HHS UL1RR024992NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD001459NICHD NIH HHS K12HD001459NICHD NIH HHS K24 HD001298NICHD NIH HHS K24 HD01298
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo estimate 12-month satisfaction and continuation rates of intrauterine device (IUD) and implant users enrolled in the Contraceptive CHOICE Project and compare these measures with women using the oral contraceptive pills (OCPs).

methodsWe analyzed 12-month data from the first 5,087 participants enrolled in a prospective cohort study of women in the St. Louis region offered contraception at no cost for 3 years. The primary purpose of CHOICE is to promote the use of long-acting reversible contraception (IUDs and implants) and to reduce unintended pregnancies in our region. This analysis includes those participants who received their baseline contraceptive method within 3 months of enrollment and who reached the 12-month follow-up telephone survey time point (n=4,167).

resultsSixty-eight percent of our participants chose a long-acting reversible contraception method (45% levonorgestrel intrauterine system, 10% copper IUD, and 13% subdermal implant), 23% chose combined hormonal methods (11% OCPs, 10% vaginal ring, and 2% transdermal patch), and 8% chose depot medroxyprogesterone acetate. Long-acting reversible contraception users had higher 12-month continuation rates (86%) than OCP users (55%). The two IUDs had the highest 12-month continuation rates: levonorgestrel intrauterine system (88%) and copper IUD (84%). Women using the implant also had very high rates of continuation at 1 year (83%). Satisfaction mirrored continuation: more than 80% of users were satisfied with the IUD compared with 54% satisfied with OCPs.

conclusionIUDs and the subdermal implant have the highest rates of satisfaction and 12-month continuation. Given that long-acting reversible contraception methods have the highest contraceptive efficacy, these methods should be the first-line contraceptive methods offered to patients.

Indexed as

Contraceptive Agents, FemaleContraceptive Devices, FemaleAdolescentAdultChildContraceptionContraceptives, OralFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIntrauterine DevicesKaplan-Meier EstimateMiddle AgedPatient SatisfactionProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesContraceptive Agents, FemaleContraceptives, Oral

Identifiers

PMID21508749
PMCPMC3548669
OpenAlexW2158615432

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.