ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2011
Antibodies recognizing protective pertussis toxin epitopes are preferentially elicited by natural infection versus acellular immunization.
Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Pertussis Vaccination During Pregnancy on the Binding Epitopes and Avidity of Anti-Pertussis Toxin Immunoglobulin G Antibodies in Infants and Their Mothers.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Memory B Cell Activation Induced by Pertussis Booster Vaccination in Four Age Groups of Three Countries.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of a combined Tetanus, Diphtheria, recombinant acellular Pertussis vaccine (TdaP) in healthy Thai adults.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Trial
- Systemic and Mucosal Antibody Correlates of Protection Against Bordetella pertussis in a Controlled Human Infection Model.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Pertussis-A Re-Emerging Threat Despite Immunization: An Analysis of Vaccine Effectiveness and Antibiotic Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Immunogenicity of Glutaraldehyde Inactivated PTx Is Determined by the Quantity of Neutralizing Epitopes.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Structural basis for neutralizing antibody binding to pertussis toxin.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Development and Implementation of a Single Radial Diffusion Technique for Quality Control of Acellular Pertussis Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Avidity of pertussis toxin antibodies following vaccination with genetically versus chemically detoxified pertussis toxin-containing vaccines during pregnancy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Mucosal IgA Antibodies are Critical for Bacterial Clearance ofPathogens & immunity · 2025Article
- Structural Basis for Antibody Neutralization of Pertussis Toxin.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of experimental and commercial pertussis vaccines in the elimination of Bordetella pertussis isolates with different genetic profiles in murine model.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2021Article
- Review
- Antibody persistence 2 and 3 years after booster vaccination of adolescents with recombinant acellular pertussis monovalent aPEClinicalMedicine · 2021Article
- Neutralization of pertussis toxin by a single antibody prevents clinical pertussis in neonatal baboons.Science advances · 2020Article
- Differences in epitope-specific antibodies to pertussis toxin after infection and acellular vaccinations.Clinical & translational immunology · 2020Article
- Review
- Review
- Reactivating Immunity Primed by Acellular Pertussis Vaccines in the Absence of Circulating Antibodies: Enhanced Bacterial Control by TLR9 Rather Than TLR4 Agonist-Including Formulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Characterization of Individual Human Antibodies That Bind Pertussis Toxin Stimulated by Acellular Immunization.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite more than 50 years of vaccination, disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis persists, with rates increasing in industrialized countries over the past decade. This rise may be attributed to several factors, including increased surveillance, emergence of vaccine escape variants, waning immunity in adults, and the introduction of acellular subunit vaccines, which include chemically detoxified pertussis toxin (PTd). Two potently protective epitopes on pertussis toxin (PTx) are recognized by the monoclonal antibodies 1B7 and 11E6, which inhibit catalytic and cell-binding activities, respectively. In order to determine whether the PTx exposure route affects antibody responses to these epitopes, we analyzed sera from 30 adults with confirmed pertussis exposure and from 30 recently vaccinated adults for specific anti-PTx antibody responses and in vitro CHO cell neutralization titers. While overall titers against PTx and the genetically detoxified variant, PTg, containing the R9K and E129G substitutions, were similar in the two groups, titers against specific epitopes depended on the exposure route. Natural infection resulted in significantly higher titers of anti-PTx-subunit 1, 1B7-like, and 11E6-like antibodies, while acellular vaccination resulted in significantly higher titers of antibodies recognizing PTd. We also observed a correlation between in vitro protection and the presence of 1B7-like and 11E6-like antibodies. Notably, chemical detoxification, as opposed to genetic inactivation, alters the PTx tertiary and quaternary structure, thereby affecting conformational epitopes and recognition of PTx by 1B7 and 11E6. The lower levels of serum antibodies recognizing clinically relevant epitopes after vaccination with PTd support inclusion of PTg in future vaccines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.