ArticleJournal of virology2011
Subversion of cellular autophagy machinery by hepatitis B virus for viral envelopment.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 165 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
165 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 292 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interplay between Cellular Autophagy and Hepatitis B Virus Replication: A Systematic Review.Cells · 2020Pooled it
- Chronic viral hepatitis with concurrent metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: dual etiology challenges.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Review
- Review
- Exploiting autophagy-targeting natural compounds for potential antimicrobial actions.Autophagy · 2026Review
- Steatosis paradox: Unraveling pathways of suppressive effect of hepatic steatosis on hepatitis B virus.Biomedical journal · 2026Review
- PRMT5-mediated symmetric dimethylation of SHBs at Arg169 stabilizes SHBs and promotes angiogenesis and tumor growth.Tumour virus research · 2026Article
- Mechanistic study of miR-148a-3p-mediated AMPK/mTOR/S6-dependent autophagy in hepatitis B virus replication.Virus genes · 2026Article
- Protein quality control and antigen presentation in the development of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Autophagy in the liver.Autophagy reports · 2026Review
- Autophagy machinery as exploited by viruses.Autophagy reports · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial respiratory chain regulates HBV clearance through dual modulation of lysosomal acidification.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Hepatitis B viral DNA integration occurs within three days of infection and is enhanced by ATR inhibition.Tumour virus research · 2025Article
- SHBs Mitigates Sorafenib-Induced Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Activation of RAF1/MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway.Cancer science · 2025Article
- Integrating Full-Length and Second-Generation Transcriptomes to Elucidate the ApNPV-Induced Transcriptional Reprogramming inInsects · 2025Article
- HBV promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HCC and liver fibrosis through JNK-mediated autophagy.Hepatology communications · 2025Article
- Ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of small hepatitis B virus surface antigen mediated by TRIM21 and antagonized by OTUD4.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Hepatitis B virus surface antigen drives T cell immunity through non-canonical antigen presentation in mice.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Hepatitis B surface antigen hijacks TANK-binding kinase 1 to suppress type I interferon and induce early autophagy.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- The HBV large envelope protein initiates virion assembly by recruiting capsids at membrane rich domains related to late endosome.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Research Progress on the Protective Effect of Green Tea Polyphenol (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) on the Liver.Nutrients · 2025Review
105 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved eukaryotic mechanism that mediates the removal of long-lived cytoplasmic macromolecules and damaged organelles via a lysosomal degradative pathway. Recently, a multitude of studies have reported that viral infections may have complex interconnections with the autophagic process. The findings reported here demonstrate that hepatitis B virus (HBV) can enhance the autophagic process in hepatoma cells without promoting protein degradation by the lysosome. Mutation analysis showed that HBV small surface protein (SHBs) was required for HBV to induce autophagy. The overexpression of SHBs was sufficient to induce autophagy. Furthermore, SHBs could trigger unfolded protein responses (UPR), and the blockage of UPR signaling pathways abrogated the SHB-induced lipidation of LC3-I. Meanwhile, the role of the autophagosome in HBV replication was examined. The inhibition of autophagosome formation by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or small interfering RNA duplexes targeting the genes critical for autophagosome formation (Beclin1 and ATG5 genes) markedly inhibited HBV production, and the induction of autophagy by rapamycin or starvation greatly contributed to HBV production. Furthermore, evidence was provided to suggest that the autophagy machinery was required for HBV envelopment but not for the efficiency of HBV release. Finally, SHBs partially colocalized and interacted with autophagy protein LC3. Taken together, these results suggest that the host's autophagy machinery is activated during HBV infection to enhance HBV replication.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.