ArticleBMC public health2011
Needle and syringe programs in Yunnan, China yield health and financial return.
Article in BMC public health, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Spending of HIV resources in Asia and Eastern Europe: systematic review reveals the need to shift funding allocations towards priority populations.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2014Pooled it
- HIV and HCV prevalence among entrants to methadone maintenance treatment clinics in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2012Pooled it
- Disease burden of HIV and its behavioral risks among adults aged 20-54 years in China and the Western Pacific Region from 1990 to 2021: an analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Modeling the Dynamics of Drug Spreading in China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Article
- Burmese injecting drug users in Yunnan play a pivotal role in the cross-border transmission of HIV-1 in the China-Myanmar border region.Virulence · 2018Article
- Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C infections in Ningxia, China: genotype, phylogeny and mutation analysis.Virology journal · 2016Article
- HIV seroconversion and risk factors among drug users receiving methadone maintenance treatment in China: A qualitative study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Article
- The changing trends of HIV-1 prevalence and incidence from sentinel surveillance of five sub-populations in Yunnan, China, 2001-2010.BMC public health · 2015Article
- Estimating the Cost-Effectiveness of HIV Prevention Programmes in Vietnam, 2006-2010: A Modelling Study.PloS one · 2015Article
- HIV epidemic among drug users in China: 1995-2011.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2015Article
- Comparing the cost effectiveness of harm reduction strategies: a case study of the Ukraine.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2014Article
- HIV/AIDS trends in China.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2013Article
- Ability to access community-based needle-syringe programs and injecting behaviors among drug users: a cross-sectional study in Hunan Province, China.Harm reduction journal · 2013Article
- Net financial benefits of averting HIV infections among people who inject drugs in Urumqi, Xinjiang, Peoples Republic of China (2005-2010).BMC public health · 2012Article
- High prevalence of HIV, HCV, HBV and co-infection and associated risk factors among injecting drug users in Yunnan province, China.PloS one · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAs a harm reduction strategy in response to HIV epidemics needle and syringes programs (NSPs) were initiated throughout China in 2002. The effectiveness of NSPs in reducing the spread of infection in such an established epidemic is unknown. In this study we use data from Yunnan province, the province most affected by HIV in China, to (1) estimate the population benefits in terms of infections prevented due to the programs; (2) calculate the cost-effectiveness of NSPs.
methodsWe developed a mathematical transmission model, informed by detailed behavioral and program data, which accurately reflected the unique HIV epidemiology among Yunnan injecting drug users (IDUs) in the presence of NSPs. We then used the model to estimate the likely epidemiological and clinical outcomes without NSPs and conducted a health economics analysis to determine the cost-effectiveness of the program.
resultsIt is estimated that NSPs in Yunnan have averted approximately 16-20% (5,200-7,500 infections) of the expected HIV cases since 2002 and led to gains of 1,300-1,900 DALYs. The total $1.04 million spending on NSPs from 2002 to 2008 has resulted in an estimated cost-saving over this period of $1.38-$1.97 million due to the prevention of HIV and the associated costs of care and management.
conclusionNSPs are not only cost-effective but cost-saving in Yunnan. Significant scale-up of NSPs interventions across China and removal of the societal and political barriers that compromise the effects of NSPs should be a health priority of the Chinese government.
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