ArticleTobacco control2011
Menthol's potential effects on nicotine dependence: a tobacco industry perspective.
Article in Tobacco control, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Menthol cigarettes and the public health standard: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2017Pooled it
- Substitutability of menthol cigarette alternatives: a clinical trial.Tobacco control · 2025Trial
- E-Cigarette Nicotine Delivery Among Young Adults by Nicotine Form, Concentration, and Flavor: A Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Menthol cigarette use predicts treatment outcomes of weight-concerned smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2014Trial
- Assessing the abuse liability of U.S. Food and Drug Administration-authorized electronic nicotine delivery systems: Impact of nicotine flux, flavor, and menthol cigarette smoking status.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Consumer Characteristics, Tobacco Control Policies, and Disparities in Discontinued Cigarette Purchases: Evidence from U.S. Households (2010-2021).Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Article
- Pathophysiological Responses of Oral Keratinocytes After Exposure to Flavored E-Cigarette Liquids.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- Tobacco use behaviors in response to menthol restriction: A scoping review.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Review
- Vuse Solo e-cigarettes do not provide net benefits to public health: a scientific analysis of FDA's marketing authorisation.Tobacco control · 2024Review
- Comparison of Carcinogen Biomarkers in Smokers of Menthol and Nonmenthol Cigarettes: The 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Special Sample.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Article
- Smoking Cessation Prevalence and Inequalities in the United States: 2014-2019.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2022Article
- Animal Models to Investigate the Impact of Flavors on Nicotine Addiction and Dependence.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Review
- Smoking cessation strategies used by former menthol cigarette smokers after a menthol ban.Addictive behaviors · 2021Article
- Prior Daily Menthol Smokers More Likely to Quit 2 Years After a Menthol Ban Than Non-menthol Smokers: A Population Cohort Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- Health Care Utilization of Menthol and Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- Trends and Associations of Menthol Cigarette Smoking Among US Middle and High School Students-National Youth Tobacco Survey, 2011-2018.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Ban on menthol-flavoured tobacco products predicts cigarette cessation at 1 year: a population cohort study.Tobacco control · 2020Article
- Product Substitution After A Real-World Menthol Ban: A Cohort Study.Tobacco regulatory science · 2020Article
- Adolescent menthol cigarette use and risk of nicotine dependence: Findings from the national Population Assessment on Tobacco and Health (PATH) study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Influence of the E-Cigarette Emission Profile by the Ratio of Glycerol to Propylene Glycol in E-Liquid Composition.ACS omega · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine what the tobacco industry knows about the potential effects menthol may have on nicotine dependence.
methodsA snowball strategy was used to systematically search the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library (http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/) between 22 February and 29 April, 2010. Of the approximately 11 million documents available in the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library, the iterative searches returned tens of thousands of results. We qualitatively analysed a final collection of 309 documents relevant the effects of menthol on nicotine dependence.
resultsThe tobacco industry knows that menthol overrides the harsh taste of tobacco and alleviates nicotine's irritating effects, synergistically interacts with nicotine, stimulates the trigeminal nerve to elicit a 'liking' response for a tobacco product, and makes low tar, low nicotine tobacco products more acceptable to smokers than non-mentholated low delivery products.
conclusionMenthol is not only used in cigarettes as a flavour additive; tobacco companies know that menthol also has sensory effects and interacts with nicotine to produce tobacco products that are easier to smoke, thereby making it easier to expose smokers, especially those who are new and uninitiated, to the addictive power of nicotine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.