ReviewTobacco control2011
Tobacco and cigarette butt consumption in humans and animals.
Review in Tobacco control, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03749876 (A Randomized Cross-over Clinical Trial of Unfiltered Cigarettes), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Cross-over Clinical Trial of Unfiltered Cigarettes
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adolescents' Health Perceptions of Natural American Spirit's On-the-Pack Eco-Friendly Campaign.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2021Trial
- Review
- Cigarette butts: a source of toxicity and potential disruption ofToxicology research · 2025Article
- Effects of Cigarette-Derived Compounds on the Spread of Antimicrobial Resistance in Artificial Human Lung Sputum Medium, Simulated Environmental Media, and Wastewater.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Investigating the inflammatory effect of microplastics in cigarette butts on peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Disposal practices of cigarettes and electronic nicotine products among adults, findings from Wave 6 (2021) of the PATH Study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Cellulose acetate cigarette filter is hazardous to human health.Tobacco control · 2024Article
- Article
- Ecotoxicological assessment of cigarette butts on morphology and photosynthetic potential of Azolla pinnata.BMC plant biology · 2024Article
- Place-based estimates of cigarette butt litter raise environmental justice concerns in the United States.PloS one · 2024Article
- Article
- Spatial and temporal variation of CBPI and leakage of heavy metals from cigarette butts into the urban environment.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Preparation of a cellulose acetate membrane using cigarette butt recycling and investigation of its efficiency in removing heavy metals from aqueous solution.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The impact of cigarette pack anti-littering messages.Addictive behaviors · 2022Article
- Effects of Unfiltered Cigarettes on Smoking Behavior and Toxicant Exposure: Protocol for a Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2020Article
- Study of littered wastes in different urban land-uses: An 6 environmental status assessment.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2020Article
- Article
- Online Simulation Model to Estimate the Total Costs of Tobacco Product Waste in Large U.S. Cities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Discarded cigarette butts may present health risks to human infants and animals because of indiscriminate eating behaviours. Nicotine found in cigarette butts may cause vomiting and neurological toxicity; leachates of cigarette butts in aquatic environments may cause exposure to additional toxic chemicals including heavy metals, ethyl phenol and pesticide residues. This report reviews published and grey literature regarding cigarette butt waste consumption by children, pets and wildlife. Although reports of human and animal exposures number in the tens of thousands, severe toxic outcomes due to butt consumption are rare. Nonetheless, the ubiquity of cigarette butt waste and its potential for adverse effects on human and animal health warrants additional research and policy interventions to reduce the stream of these pollutants in the environment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.