Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21504721›Full record

ArticleBiophysical journal2011

A few immobilized thrombins are sufficient for platelet spreading.

Yosuke Okamura, Roman Schmidt, Ines Raschke, Maik Hintze, Shinji Takeoka, Alexander Egner, Thorsten Lang

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biophysical journal, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Yosuke OkamuraMembrane Biochemistry, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Roman Schmidt
Ines Raschke
Maik Hintze
Shinji Takeoka
Alexander Egner
Thorsten Lang
University of Bonn · DEMax Planck Society · DEWaseda University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Eukaryotic cells respond to signaling molecules with picomolar to nanomolar sensitivities. However, molar concentrations give no suggestion of the sufficient number of molecules per cell and are confusing when referring to physiological situations in which signaling molecules act in an immobilized state. Here, we studied platelet adhesion by thrombin, a key step in normal hemostasis and pathological arterial thrombosis. We generated a biofunctional nanosheet surface to mimic the in vivo solid-state interaction between platelets and thrombin at sites of injured tissues. We observed that <10 molecules readily activate platelets with high specificity, resulting in platelet adhesion and spreading. This number is much lower than expected from previous experiments in solution, in which the sole activation of platelets required a >1000-fold stoichiometric excess of thrombin. We conclude that immobilizing thrombin apposed to the membrane receptor allows platelets to respond with very high sensitivity. Moreover, we propose that irreversible cell activation may require several ligands to avoid activation by single, mislocalized signaling molecules.

Indexed as

Platelet AdhesivenessAdsorptionBlood PlateletsEnzymes, ImmobilizedHumansHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsLactic AcidNanostructuresPlatelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa ComplexPolyestersPolymersThrombinEnzymes, ImmobilizedLactic AcidPlatelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa ComplexPolyesterspoly(lactide)PolymersThrombin

Identifiers

PMID21504721
PMCPMC3077710
OpenAlexW2023791597

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.