Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21503727›Full record

ArticleJournal of mathematical biology2012

Evolutionary game theoretic strategy for optimal drug delivery to influence selection pressure in treatment of HIV-1.

Yu Wu, Mingjun Zhang, Jing Wu, Xiaopeng Zhao, Lijin Xia

Abstract read
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Article in Journal of mathematical biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Assessing Uncertainty in A2 Respiratory Syncytial Virus Viral Dynamics.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2015
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yu WuMechanical, Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Mingjun Zhang
Jing Wu
Xiaopeng Zhao
Lijin Xia

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) escape mutation is associated with long-term behaviors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Recent studies indicate heterogeneous behaviors of reversible and conservative mutants while the selection pressure changes. The purpose of this study is to optimize the selection pressure to minimize the long-term virus load. The results can be used to assist in delivery of highly loaded cognate peptide-pulsed dendritic cells (DC) into lymph nodes that could change the selection pressure. This mechanism may be employed for controlled drug delivery. A mathematical model is proposed in this paper to describe the evolutionary dynamics involving viruses and T cells. We formulate the optimization problem into the framework of evolutionary game theory, and solve for the optimal control of the selection pressure as a neighborhood invader strategy. The strategy dynamics can be obtained to evolve the immune system to the best controlled state. The study may shed light on optimal design of HIV-1 therapy based on optimization of adaptive CTL immune response.

Indexed as

Game TheoryAnti-HIV AgentsDendritic CellsDrug Delivery SystemsHIV-1HIV AntigensHIV InfectionsHumansLymph NodesModels, BiologicalT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicViral LoadAnti-HIV AgentsHIV Antigens

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.