ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2011
Treatment of refractory and recurrent Clostridium difficile infection.
Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05770726 (The Comparison of the Adjuvant Effect of Probiotics Between Delivery Via Colonoscopic Spray and Oral Administration in Patients With Clostridioides Difficile Colitis Receiving Vancomycin Treatment), which is not on this map. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Comparison of the Adjuvant Effect of Probiotics Between Delivery Via Colonoscopic Spray and Oral Administration in Patients With Clostridioides Difficile Colitis Receiving Vancomycin Treatment
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Literature Review of Economic Evaluations of Antibiotic Treatments for Clostridium difficile Infection.PharmacoEconomics · 2017Pooled it
- The incidence and drug resistance of Clostridium difficile infection in Mainland China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- High Dose Intramuscular Vitamin D3 Supplementation Impacts the Gut Microbiota of Patients WithFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Trial
- [Recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Treatment with duodenal infusion of donor feces].Der Internist · 2014Trial
- The gut microbiome-bile acid-FXR interplay: a pivotal axis in metabolic and gastrointestinal diseases.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Clostridioides difficile Infection in Aged Mice Decreases Memory Function, Which Can Be Protected with Alanyl-Glutamine Supplementation.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Correlating Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis toACS infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Fecal microbiota transplantation as potential first-line treatment for patients withWorld journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2023Article
- Impact of Subinhibitory Concentrations of Metronidazole on Morphology, Motility, Biofilm Formation and Colonization ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Biofilms harbour Clostridioides difficile, serving as a reservoir for recurrent infection.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2021Article
- Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm Production Capacity inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- RapidACS infectious diseases · 2020Article
- From Donor to Patient: Collection, Preparation and Cryopreservation of Fecal Samples for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Vaccination againstInfection and immunity · 2019Article
- Risk Factors Associated With RecurrentJournal of clinical medicine research · 2019Article
- Extended duration vancomycin in recurrentTherapeutic advances in infectious disease · 2018Review
- Effect of the Synthetic Bile Salt Analog CamSA on the Hamster Model of Clostridium difficile Infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Article
- Type IV Pili Promote Clostridium difficile Adherence and Persistence in a Mouse Model of Infection.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- Article
- Epidemiology and Recurrence Rates of Clostridium difficile Infections in Germany: A Secondary Data Analysis.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has increased since 2000, with greater numbers of severe cases reported, in part due to the emergence of a hypervirulent strain. Initial therapy with metronidazole is still recommended for mild to moderate CDI, but vancomycin is recommended for first-line therapy of severe CDI. Colectomy could be life-saving for some patients with severe disease that does not respond to maximal medical therapy. Recurrent CDI is a challenge to treat; no single effective therapy currently exists. Treatments include antibiotics, adjunct probiotics, fecal microbiota transplant and immune approaches. This Review discusses the various therapeutic approaches used for the treatment of refractory and recurrent CDI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21502971What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.