ArticleJournal of translational medicine2011
15 kDa Granulysin versus GM-CSF for monocytes differentiation: analogies and differences at the transcriptome level.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Menstruation is Associated With Cyclical Granulysin Peaks in Vaginal Secretions Despite Stable Expression by Cervicovaginal Immune Cells.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Article
- Autoimmune thyroid disease disrupts immune homeostasis in the endometrium of unexplained infertility women-a single-cell RNA transcriptome study during the implantation window.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- CD127+ CD94+ innate lymphoid cells expressing granulysin and perforin are expanded in patients with Crohn's disease.Nature communications · 2021Article
- The cytotoxic molecule granulysin is capable of inducing either chemotaxis or fugetaxis in dendritic cells depending on maturation: a role for Vδ2Immunology · 2020Article
- The study of novel DNA vaccines against tuberculosis: induction of pathogen-specific CTL in the mouse and monkey models of tuberculosis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2013Article
- Dendritic cells: an immunotherapy coming of age.Immunotherapy · 2012Article
- 15 kDa granulysin causes differentiation of monocytes to dendritic cells but lacks cytotoxic activity.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2012Article
- Cell death mechanisms at the maternal-fetal interface: insights into the role of granulysin.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2012Review
- Upregulated serum granulysin levels in women with antiphospholipid antibody-associated recurrent miscarriage are downregulated by heparin treatment.Reproductive medicine and biologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGranulysin is an antimicrobial and proinflammatory protein with several isoforms. While the 9 kDa isoform is a well described cytolytic molecule with pro-inflammatory activity, the functions of the 15 kDa isoform is less well understood. Recently it was shown that 15 kDa Granulysin can act as an alarmin that is able to activate monocytes and immature dendritic cells. Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) is a growth factor widely used in immunotherapy both for in vivo and ex vivo applications, especially for its proliferative effects.
methodsWe analyzed gene expression profiles of monocytes cultured with 15 kDa Granulysin or GM-CSF for 4, 12, 24 and 48 hours to unravel both similarities and differences between the effects of these stimulators.
resultsThe analysis revealed a common signature induced by both factors at each time point, but over time, a more specific signature for each factor became evident. At all time points, 15 kDa Granulysin induced immune response, chemotaxis and cell adhesion genes. In addition, only 15 kDa Granulsyin induced the activation of pathways related to fundamental dendritic cell functions, such as co-stimulation of T-cell activation and Th1 development. GM-CSF specifically down-regulated genes related to cell cycle arrest and the immune response. More specifically, cytokine production, lymphocyte mediated immunity and humoral immune response were down-regulated at late time points.
conclusionThis study provides important insights on the effects of a novel agent, 15 kDa granulysin, that holds promise for therapeutic applications aimed at the activation of the immune response.
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Registered trials
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