Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21501500›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2011

Comparative genome sequence analysis underscores mycoparasitism as the ancestral life style of Trichoderma.

Christian P Kubicek, Alfredo Herrera-Estrella, Verena Seidl-Seiboth, Diego A Martinez, Irina S Druzhinina, Michael Thon, Susanne Zeilinger, Sergio Casas-Flores, Benjamin A Horwitz, Prasun K Mukherjee and 54 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 292 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
292citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

292 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. BioprospectingFrontiers in fungal biology · 2021
    Pooled it
  2. Article
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  4. Barcoded mutant library enables high-throughput functional genomics in a filamentous fungus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  5. Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Dual Biocontrol and Plant Growth-Promoting Effects ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  19. Potential ofBiology · 2026
    Review
  20. Article

232 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

64 authors.

Christian P KubicekArea Gene Technology and Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria. ckubicek@mail.zserv.tuwien.ac.at
Alfredo Herrera-Estrella
Verena Seidl-Seiboth
Diego A Martinez
Irina S Druzhinina
Michael Thon
Susanne Zeilinger
Sergio Casas-Flores
Benjamin A Horwitz
Prasun K Mukherjee
Mala Mukherjee
László Kredics
Luis D Alcaraz
Andrea Aerts
Zsuzsanna Antal
Lea Atanasova
Mayte G Cervantes-Badillo
Jean Challacombe
Olga Chertkov
Kevin McCluskey
Fanny Coulpier
Nandan Deshpande
Hans von Döhren
Daniel J Ebbole
Edgardo U Esquivel-Naranjo
Erzsébet Fekete
Michel Flipphi
Fabian Glaser
Elida Y Gómez-Rodríguez
Sabine Gruber
Cliff Han
Bernard Henrissat
Rosa Hermosa
Miguel Hernández-Oñate
Levente Karaffa
Idit Kosti
Stéphane Le Crom
Erika Lindquist
Susan Lucas
Mette Lübeck
Peter S Lübeck
Antoine Margeot
Benjamin Metz
Monica Misra
Helena Nevalainen
Markus Omann
Nicolle Packer
Giancarlo Perrone
Edith E Uresti-Rivera
Asaf Salamov
Monika Schmoll
Bernhard Seiboth
Harris Shapiro
Serenella Sukno
Juan Antonio Tamayo-Ramos
Doris Tisch
Aric Wiest
Heather H Wilkinson
Michael Zhang
Pedro M Coutinho
Charles M Kenerley
Enrique Monte
Scott E Baker
Igor V Grigoriev

Funding

Austrian Science Fund FWF P 18109Austrian Science Fund FWF P 20559Austrian Science Fund FWF T 390Austrian Science Fund FWF V 139
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMycoparasitism, a lifestyle where one fungus is parasitic on another fungus, has special relevance when the prey is a plant pathogen, providing a strategy for biological control of pests for plant protection. Probably, the most studied biocontrol agents are species of the genus Hypocrea/Trichoderma.

resultsHere we report an analysis of the genome sequences of the two biocontrol species Trichoderma atroviride (teleomorph Hypocrea atroviridis) and Trichoderma virens (formerly Gliocladium virens, teleomorph Hypocrea virens), and a comparison with Trichoderma reesei (teleomorph Hypocrea jecorina). These three Trichoderma species display a remarkable conservation of gene order (78 to 96%), and a lack of active mobile elements probably due to repeat-induced point mutation. Several gene families are expanded in the two mycoparasitic species relative to T. reesei or other ascomycetes, and are overrepresented in non-syntenic genome regions. A phylogenetic analysis shows that T. reesei and T. virens are derived relative to T. atroviride. The mycoparasitism-specific genes thus arose in a common Trichoderma ancestor but were subsequently lost in T. reesei.

conclusionsThe data offer a better understanding of mycoparasitism, and thus enforce the development of improved biocontrol strains for efficient and environmentally friendly protection of plants.

Indexed as

Pest Control, BiologicalChromosome MappingDNA Transposable ElementsGenome, FungalHypocreaPhylogenyPlantsSequence Analysis, DNASpecies SpecificityTrichodermaDNA Transposable Elements

Identifiers

PMID21501500
PMCPMC3218866

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.