ArticlePharmaceutical research2011
Transdermal insulin delivery using microdermabrasion.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advances in Insulin Delivery: Transdermal and Needle-Free Technologies as Emerging Strategies to Improve Metabolic Control and Treatment Adherence.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology-Enhanced Transdermal Patches for Hypertension: A Review.Current hypertension reviews · 2025Review
- Fabrication of Hybrid Coated Microneedles with Donepezil Utilizing Digital Light Processing and Semisolid Extrusion Printing for the Management of Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Effectiveness, safety, and preference of transdermal insulin compared to subcutaneous insulin in the treatment of diabetes patients: a systematic review of clinical trials.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Review
- Design, optimization, and evaluation for a long-time-released transdermal microneedle delivery system containing estradiol.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Article
- Advancements in Skin-Mediated Drug Delivery: Mechanisms, Techniques, and Applications.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Review
- Evolution of Transdermal Drug Delivery Devices and Novel Microneedle Technologies: A Historical Perspective and Review.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2023Review
- Acoustic metamaterials-driven transdermal drug delivery for rapid and on-demand management of acute disease.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Delivery of Insulin via Skin Route for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: Approaches for Breaching the Obstacles.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Advances in transdermal insulin delivery.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2019Review
- Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery: From Simple Potions to Smart Technologies.Current drug delivery · 2019Review
- Is the Fractional Laser Still Effective in Assisting Cutaneous Macromolecule Delivery in Barrier-Deficient Skin? Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis as the Disease Models.Pharmaceutical research · 2018Article
- Challenges and Future Prospects for the Delivery of Biologics: Oral Mucosal, Pulmonary, and Transdermal Routes.The AAPS journal · 2017Article
- Strengthening the skin with topical delivery of keratinocyte growth factor-1 using a novel DNA plasmid.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2014Article
- Transdermal delivery of molecules is limited by full epidermis, not just stratum corneum.Pharmaceutical research · 2013Article
- Insulin therapies: Current and future trends at dawn.World journal of diabetes · 2013Article
- Targeting the skin for microneedle delivery of influenza vaccine.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2013Review
- Recovery of skin barrier after stratum corneum removal by microdermabrasion.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2011Article
- Insulin delivery methods: Past, present and future.International journal of pharmaceutical investigationReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTransdermal insulin delivery is an attractive needle-free alternative to subcutaneous injection conventionally used to treat diabetes. However, skin's barrier properties prevent insulin permeation at useful levels.
methodsWe investigated whether microdermabrasion can selectively remove skin's surface layers to increase skin permeability as a method to administer insulin to diabetic rats. We further assessed the relative roles of stratum corneum and viable epidermis as barriers to insulin delivery.
resultsPretreatment of skin with microdermabrasion to selectively remove stratum corneum did not have a significant effect on insulin delivery or reduction in blood glucose level (BGL). Removal of full epidermis by microdermabrasion significantly reduced BGL, similar to the positive control involving subcutaneous injection of 0.1U insulin. Significant pharmacokinetic differences between microdermabrasion and subcutaneous injection were faster time to peak insulin concentration after injection and larger peak insulin concentration and area-under-the-curve after microdermabrasion.
conclusionsMicrodermabrasion can increase skin permeability to insulin at levels sufficient to reduce BGL. Viable epidermis is a barrier to insulin delivery such that removal of full epidermis enables significantly more insulin delivery than removal of stratum corneum alone.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.