ArticlePsychopharmacology2011
A lack of association between severity of nicotine withdrawal and individual differences in compensatory nicotine self-administration in rats.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- β-Nicotyrine and e-cigarette abuse liability II: Behavioral economic demand and intracranial self-stimulation in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Effects of volatile organic compounds found in cigarette smoke on intracranial self-stimulation in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Withdrawal from repeated nicotine vapor exposure increases somatic signs of physical dependence, anxiety-like behavior, and brain reward thresholds in adult male rats.Neuropharmacology · 2023Article
- Cigarette Smoke Extract, but Not Electronic Cigarette Aerosol Extract, Inhibits Monoamine OxidaseFrontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Tobacco smoke exposure enhances reward sensitivity in male and female rats.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Drug Addiction: Hyperkatifeia/Negative Reinforcement as a Framework for Medications Development.Pharmacological reviews · 2021Review
- β-Carbolines found in cigarette smoke elevate intracranial self-stimulation thresholds in rats.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2020Article
- Higher anhedonia during withdrawal from initial opioid exposure is protective against subsequent opioid self-administration in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Relationship Between Nicotine Intake and Reward Function in Rats With Intermittent Short Versus Long Access to Nicotine.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Propylene glycol, a major electronic cigarette constituent, attenuates the adverse effects of high-dose nicotine as measured by intracranial self-stimulation in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Article
- Differential effects of withdrawal from intermittent and continuous nicotine exposure on reward deficit and somatic aspects of nicotine withdrawal and expression of α4β2* nAChRs in Wistar male rats.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2018Article
- Status and Future Directions of Preclinical Behavioral Pharmacology in Tobacco Regulatory Science.Behavior analysis (Washington, D.C.) · 2018Article
- Effects of nicotine-containing and "nicotine-free" e-cigarette refill liquids on intracranial self-stimulation in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Article
- Similar precipitated withdrawal effects on intracranial self-stimulation during chronic infusion of an e-cigarette liquid or nicotine alone.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2017Article
- Abuse liability assessment of an e-cigarette refill liquid using intracranial self-stimulation and self-administration models in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Article
- Cognitive control deficits during mecamylamine-precipitated withdrawal in mice: Possible links to frontostriatal BDNF imbalance.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2016Article
- Individual differences in the behavioral effects of nicotine: A review of the preclinical animal literature.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2015Review
- Effects of nicotine and minor tobacco alkaloids on intracranial-self-stimulation in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Article
- Predictors of the nicotine reinforcement threshold, compensation, and elasticity of demand in a rodent model of nicotine reduction policy.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Article
- The dark side of emotion: the addiction perspective.European journal of pharmacology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleCompensatory smoking may represent an adverse consequence of smoking reduction or the use of reduced-nicotine tobacco products. Factors contributing to individual variability in compensation are poorly understood.
objectiveThe objective of this study was to examine whether severity of nicotine withdrawal as measured by elevated intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) thresholds is related to individual differences in compensatory nicotine self-administration (NSA) following unit dose reduction.
methodsRats were trained for ICSS and NSA (0.06 mg/kg per infusion). After stabilization, effects of reducing the nicotine unit dose to 0.03 mg/kg per infusion were examined. Following reacquisition of NSA (0.06 mg/kg per infusion), effects of antagonist-precipitated withdrawal and saline extinction (spontaneous withdrawal) were examined.
resultsReducing the NSA unit dose produced partial compensation as indicated by the increased infusion rates, but a 35% mean decrease in daily nicotine intake. The magnitude of compensation varied considerably among rats. Dose reduction did not elicit withdrawal in rats as a group, although there were substantial increases in ICSS thresholds in some animals. Intracranial self-stimulation thresholds were consistently elevated during precipitated and spontaneous withdrawal, confirming that rats were nicotine-dependent. Individual differences in compensation were not correlated with changes in ICSS thresholds during dose reduction, precipitated withdrawal, or spontaneous withdrawal. In a secondary analysis, greater precipitated withdrawal severity predicted greater initial nicotine seeking during extinction.
conclusionsSeverity of nicotine withdrawal was not related to the degree of compensation in this protocol. These data do not support a role for nicotine withdrawal in individual differences in compensation during reduced nicotine exposure, but do suggest that withdrawal may contribute to nicotine seeking during early abstinence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.