ArticleAIDS research and treatment2011
Protease Inhibitor Resistance Is Uncommon in HIV-1 Subtype C Infected Patients on Failing Second-Line Lopinavir/r-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy in South Africa.
Article in AIDS research and treatment, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effectiveness of Protease Inhibitor/Nucleos(t)ide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Based Second-line Antiretroviral Therapy for the Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Pooled it
- Third-line antiretroviral therapy in low-income and middle-income countries (ACTG A5288): a prospective strategy study.The lancet. HIV · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Multicentre analysis of second-line antiretroviral treatment in HIV-infected children: adolescents at high risk of failure.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Trial
- Contribution of Gag and Protease to HIV-1 Phenotypic Drug Resistance in Pediatric Patients Failing Protease Inhibitor-Based Therapy.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Nevirapine- versus lopinavir/ritonavir-based initial therapy for HIV-1 infection among women in Africa: a randomized trial.PLoS medicine · 2012Trial
- Subtype-Specific HIV-1 Protease and the Role of Hinge and Flap Dynamics in Drug Resistance: A Subtype C Narrative.Viruses · 2025Review
- Article
- Virologic outcomes with tenofovir-lamivudine-dolutegravir in adults failing PI-based second-line ART.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2024Article
- Drug Resistance, Rather than Low Tenofovir Levels in Blood or Urine, Is Associated with Tenofovir, Emtricitabine, and Efavirenz Failure in Resource-Limited Settings.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2022Article
- Increased acquired protease inhibitor drug resistance mutations in minor HIV-1 quasispecies from infected patients suspected of failing on national second-line therapy in South Africa.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Diverse Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Drug Resistance Profiles at Screening for ACTG A5288: A Study of People Experiencing Virologic Failure on Second-line Antiretroviral Therapy in Resource-limited Settings.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- A retrospective descriptive investigation of adult patients receiving third-line antiretroviral therapy in the North West province, South Africa.African health sciences · 2020Article
- Drug Resistance Mutations Against Protease, Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors in People Living With HIV-1 Receiving Boosted Protease Inhibitors in South Africa.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Zimbabwe's national third-line antiretroviral therapy program: Cohort description and treatment outcomes.PloS one · 2020Article
- Drug resistance and optimizing dolutegravir regimens for adolescents and young adults failing antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Article
- A Clinical Prediction Rule for Protease Inhibitor Resistance in Patients Failing Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- Third-Line Antiretroviral Therapy Program in the South African Public Sector: Cohort Description and Virological Outcomes.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- Research on the treatment effects and drug resistances of long-term second-line antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients from Henan Province in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Limited data exist on HIV-1 drug resistance patterns in South Africa following second-line protease-inhibitor containing regimen failure. This study examined drug resistance patterns emerging in 75 HIV-1 infected adults experiencing virologic failure on a second-line regimen containing 2 NRTI and lopinavir/ritonavir. Ninety six percent of patients (n = 72) were infected with HIV-1 subtype C, two patients were infected with HIV-1 subtype D and one with HIV-1 subtype A1. Thirty nine percent (n = 29) of patients had no resistance mutations in protease or reverse transcriptase suggesting that medication non-adherence was a major factor contributing to failure. Major lopinavir resistance mutations were infrequent (5 of 75; 7%), indicating that drug resistance is not the main barrier to future viral suppression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.