ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2011
Glioma-associated cytomegalovirus mediates subversion of the monocyte lineage to a tumor propagating phenotype.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- HCMV infection disrupts barrier functions and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in a cholangiocyte organoid model.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Does human cytomegalovirus provide a novel therapeutic target for patients with glioblastoma?Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- Immunologic specificity in glioblastoma: Antigen discovery and translational implications.Neuro-oncology advances · 2025Review
- Role of cytomegalovirus in glioblastoma development: promoter or culprit?Virology journal · 2025Review
- Review
- Divergent Crosstalk Between Microglia and T Cells in Brain Cancers: Implications for Novel Therapeutic Strategies.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Integrative analysis of EMT-driving genes identifies a prognostic signature and GJB2 as a potential biomarker in glioblastoma.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Cytokine levels in breast cancer are highly dependent on cytomegalovirus (CMV) status.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- Article
- Glioblastoma Therapy: Past, Present and Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The potential role of human endogenous retrovirus K in glioblastoma.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- EphA2 is a functional entry receptor for HCMV infection of glioblastoma cells.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- SOX2 downregulation of PML increases HCMV gene expression and growth of glioma cells.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Cytomegalovirus and Glioblastoma: A Review of the Biological Associations and Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Glioma-Associated Microglia Characterization in the Glioblastoma Microenvironment through a 'Seed-and Soil' Approach: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Viruses in colorectal cancer.Molecular oncology · 2022Review
- Mechanisms of Survival of Cytomegalovirus-Infected Tumor Cells.Molecular biology · 2022Article
- Global research trends and hotspots on glioma stem cells.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Inflammatory Breast Cancer: The Secretome of HCMVFrontiers in oncology · 2022Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeCytomegalovirus (CMV) has been ubiquitously detected within high-grade gliomas, but its role in gliomagenesis has not been fully elicited. EXPERIMENTAL
designGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumors were analyzed by flow cytometry to determine CMV antigen expression within various glioma-associated immune populations. The glioma cancer stem cell (gCSC) CMV interleukin (IL)-10 production was determined by ELISA. Human monocytes were stimulated with recombinant CMV IL-10 and levels of expression of p-STAT3, VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), TGF-β, viral IE1, and pp65 were determined by flow cytometry. The influence of CMV IL-10-treated monocytes on gCSC biology was ascertained by functional assays.
resultsCMV showed a tropism for macrophages (MΦ)/microglia and CD133+ gCSCs within GBMs. The gCSCs produce CMV IL-10, which induces human monocytes (the precursor to the central nervous system MΦs/microglia) to assume an M2 immunosuppressive phenotype (as manifested by downmodulation of the major histocompatibility complex and costimulatory molecules) while upregulating immunoinhibitory B7-H1. CMV IL-10 also induces expression of viral IE1, a modulator of viral replication and transcription in the monocytes. Finally, the CMV IL-10-treated monocytes produced angiogenic VEGF, immunosuppressive TGF-β, and enhanced migration of gCSCs.
conclusionsCMV triggers a feedforward mechanism of gliomagenesis by inducing tumor-supportive monocytes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.