ArticleInternational journal of health geographics2011
Population density, call-response interval, and survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Article in International journal of health geographics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of physical fitness and biometric data on the quality of external chest compression: a randomised, crossover trial.BMC emergency medicine · 2011Trial
- Assessing the Association of Physician and Specialist Maldistribution with Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcomes: Implications for Regulatory Policy.JMA journal · 2025Article
- Assessing variations in care delivered to rural out of hospital cardiac arrest patients in the interfacility transfer setting.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2024Article
- Towards more realistic measures of accessibility to emergency departments in Sweden.International journal of health geographics · 2024Article
- Effect of urgency level on prehospital emergency transport times: a natural experiment.Internal and emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Impact of Heavy Snowfall on Emergency Transport and Prognosis of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients: A Nation-Wide Cohort Study.Prehospital and disaster medicine · 2023Article
- Prehospital Time Interval for Urban and Rural Emergency Medical Services: A Systematic Literature Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Urban-Rural Differences in Cardiac Arrest Outcomes: A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study.CJC open · 2022Article
- Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Does rurality decrease chances of survival?Resuscitation plus · 2022Article
- Direct Transport to Cardiac Arrest Center and Survival Outcomes after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest by Urbanization Level.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Article
- Socio-spatial disparities in access to emergency health care-A Scandinavian case study.PloS one · 2021Article
- Pre-hospital factors and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest according to population density, a nationwide study.Resuscitation plus · 2020Article
- Enhancing Prehospital Outcomes for Cardiac Arrest (EPOC) study: sequential mixed-methods study protocol in Michigan, USA.BMJ open · 2020Article
- Characteristics of neighbourhoods with high incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and low bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates in England.European heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes · 2019Article
- Factors modifying performance of a novel citizen text message alert system in improving survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care · 2018Article
- Relationship Between Emergency Medical Services Response Time and Bystander Intervention in Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2018Observational
- Real-Time Chest Compression Quality Measurements by Smartphone Camera.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2018Article
- Subsequent Shockable Rhythm During Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Children With Initial Non-Shockable Rhythms: A Nationwide Population-Based Observational Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2016Observational
- Spatial decision on allocating automated external defibrillators (AED) in communities by multi-criterion two-step floating catchment area (MC2SFCA).International journal of health geographics · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the effects of geographic variation on outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The present study investigated the relationship between population density, time between emergency call and ambulance arrival, and survival of OHCA, using the All-Japan Utstein-style registry database, coupled with geographic information system (GIS) data.
methodsWe examined data from 101,287 bystander-witnessed OHCA patients who received emergency medical services (EMS) through 4,729 ambulatory centers in Japan between 2005 and 2007. Latitudes and longitudes of each center were determined with address-match geocoding, and linked with the Population Census data using GIS. The endpoints were 1-month survival and neurologically favorable 1-month survival defined as Glasgow-Pittsburgh cerebral performance categories 1 or 2.
resultsOverall 1-month survival was 7.8%. Neurologically favorable 1-month survival was 3.6%. In very low-density (<250/km(2)) and very high-density (≥10,000/km(2)) areas, the mean call-response intervals were 9.3 and 6.2 minutes, 1-month survival rates were 5.4% and 9.1%, and neurologically favorable 1-month survival rates were 2.7% and 4.3%, respectively. After adjustment for age, sex, cause of arrest, first aid by bystander and the proportion of neighborhood elderly people ≥65 yrs, patients in very high-density areas had a significantly higher survival rate (odds ratio (OR), 1.64; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.44 - 1.87; p < 0.001) and neurologically favorable 1-month survival rate (OR, 1.47; 95%CI, 1.22 - 1.77; p < 0.001) compared with those in very low-density areas.
conclusionLiving in a low-density area was associated with an independent risk of delay in ambulance response, and a low survival rate in cases of OHCA. Distribution of EMS centers according to population size may lead to inequality in health outcomes between urban and rural areas.
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