Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21488889›Full record

ReviewImmunological reviews2011

Challenges in the pursuit of immune tolerance.

Gerald T Nepom, E William St Clair, Laurence A Turka

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Immunological reviews, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Induction of immune tolerance in NMOSD and MOGAD.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. ERK Inhibition Promotes Engraftment of Allografts by Reprogramming T-Cell Metabolism.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Vascular endothelial growth factor A is associated with the subsequent development of moderate or severe cardiac allograft vasculopathy in pediatric heart transplant recipients.The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation · 2017
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Engineering nanoparticles to overcome barriers to immunotherapy.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2016
    Review
  10. Tolerance induction in memory CD4 T cells requires two rounds of antigen-specific activation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Gerald T NepomBenaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101-2795, USA. jnepom@benaroyaresearch.org
E William St Clair
Laurence A Turka
CGIAR · FRDuke Medical Center · USHarvard University · US

Funding

IMMUNE TOLERANCE NETWORK-266015416-266015416N01AI015416 · NIAID · REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF C · PI BLUESTONE, JEFFREY A · 2002 to 2006
–
NIAID NIH HHS N01 AI015416
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Strategies for inducing immune tolerance are fundamentally similar across a spectrum of immune-mediated disorders, including allergic disease, autoimmunity, and rejection of allografts. In each case, the objective of establishing an immunoregulatory balance is challenged by variable upswings in effector cell populations and proinflammatory mediators of immunity, requiring careful, and innovative therapeutic intervention to restore stability. The Immune Tolerance Network, an international consortium sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, seeks to advance both the scientific understanding and the clinical success of immune therapies for these disorders, through an innovative and collaborative effort involving clinical trials and mechanistic studies. Over the last decade, scientists have evaluated cell-based ablation and deviation strategies in trials using lymphocyte-specific targeting, induction of host-donor hematopoietic chimerism, induction of antigen-specific immune regulation, and a variety of antigen desensitization approaches. In this article, we review some of the highlights of this experience and discuss the potential for progress, utilizing new insights into regulatory mechanisms and biomarker signatures of tolerance.

Indexed as

Immune ToleranceImmunotherapyAnimalsAntibodies, MonoclonalChimerismClinical Trials as TopicDesensitization, ImmunologicHumansImmune System DiseasesImmunomodulationLymphocyte DepletionT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryAntibodies, Monoclonal

Identifiers

PMID21488889
PMCPMC3092524
OpenAlexW2130861599

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.