Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21487676›Full record

ArticleJournal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)2011

Cytokine toxicity in insulin-producing cells is mediated by nitro-oxidative stress-induced hydroxyl radical formation in mitochondria.

Ewa Gurgul-Convey, Ilir Mehmeti, Stephan Lortz, Sigurd Lenzen

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.

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  3. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Vitamin D.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ewa Gurgul-ConveyInstitute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany.
Ilir Mehmeti
Stephan Lortz
Sigurd Lenzen
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although nitric oxide (NO) and oxidative stress both contribute to proinflammatory cytokine toxicity in pancreatic β-cells during type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) development, the interactions between NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cytokine-mediated β-cell death have not been clarified. Exposure of insulin-producing RINm5F cells to IL-1β generated NO, while exposure to a combination of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, which simulates T1DM conditions, generated both NO and ROS. In theory, two reactions between NO and ROS are possible, one with the superoxide radical yielding peroxynitrite, and the other with hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) yielding hydroxyl radicals. Results of the present work exclude peroxynitrite involvement in cytokine toxicity to β-cells because its generation did not correlate with the toxic action of cytokines. On the other hand, we show that H(2)O(2), produced upon exposure of insulin-producing cell clones and primary rat islet cells to cytokines almost exclusively in the mitochondria, reacted in the presence of trace metal (Fe(++)) with NO forming highly toxic hydroxyl radicals, thus explaining the severe toxicity that causes apoptotic β-cell death. Expression of the H(2)O(2)-inactivating enzyme catalase in mitochondria protected against cytokine toxicity by preventing hydroxyl radical formation. We therefore conclude that proinflammatory cytokine-mediated β-cell death is due to nitro-oxidative stress-mediated hydroxyl radical formation in the mitochondria.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntioxidantsCaspase 3Cell LineClone CellsCytokinesEnzyme InhibitorsFluoresceinsHydrogen PeroxideHydroxyl RadicalInsulinInsulin-Secreting CellsMitochondriaNitric OxideNitric Oxide Synthase Type IINitrites3-nitrotyrosineAntioxidantsCaspase 3CytokinesdiacetyldichlorofluoresceinEnzyme InhibitorsFluoresceinsHydrogen PeroxideHydroxyl RadicalInsulinNitric OxideNitric Oxide Synthase Type IINitritesPeroxynitrous AcidTyrosine

Identifiers

PMID21487676
OpenAlexW2143087634

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.