ArticleSelf/nonself2010
CD28 co-signaling in the adaptive immune response.
Article in Self/nonself, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of macrophages in osteoporosis: from polarization balance to targeted regulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Treatment with saturating dose of conventional anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody well tolerated in pig acute myocardial infarction model.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- CD28 Costimulation Augments CAR Signaling in NK Cells via the LCK/CD3ζ/ZAP70 Signaling Axis.Cancer discovery · 2024Article
- Dendritic Cells: A Bridge between Tolerance Induction and Cancer Development in Transplantation Setting.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Neurological Adverse Events Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Practical Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- TCR ligand potency differentially impacts PD-1 inhibitory effects on diverse signaling pathways.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in bone metastasis: Clinical challenges, toxicities, and mechanisms.Journal of bone oncology · 2023Review
- Targeting Cbl-b in cancer immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Review
- Simulated Microgravity Disrupts Nuclear Factor κB Signaling and Impairs Murine Dendritic Cell Phenotype and Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Extracellular matrix stiffness-The central cue for skin fibrosis.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- Role of the redox state of the Pirin-bound cofactor on interaction with the master regulators of inflammation and other pathways.PloS one · 2023Article
- Forced expression of the non-coding RNA miR-17∼92 restores activation and function in CD28-deficient CD4iScience · 2022Article
- CAR-T cell potency: from structural elements to vector backbone components.Biomarker research · 2022Review
- The CaPharmaceutics · 2022Article
- CAR-T Cell Performance: How to Improve Their Persistence?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The Micro-Immunotherapy Medicine 2LEID Exhibits an Immunostimulant Effect by Boosting Both Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Review
- From multi-omics integration towards novel genomic interaction networks to identify key cancer cell line characteristics.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T-cell proliferation and function depends on signals from the antigen-receptor complex (TCR/CD3) and by various co-receptors such as CD28 and CTLA-4. The balance of positive and negative signals determines the outcome of the T-cell response to foreign and self-antigen. CD28 is a prominent co-receptor in naïve and memory T-cell responses. Its blockade has been exploited clinically to dampen T-cell responses to self-antigen. Current evidence shows that CD28 both potentiates TCR signaling and engages a unique array of mediators (PI3K, Grb2, FLNa) in the regulation of aspects of T-cell signaling including the transcription factor NFkB. In this mini-review, we provide an up-to-date overview of our understanding of the signaling mechanisms that underlie CD28 function and its potential application to the modulation of reactivity to autoimmunity.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.