ArticleHepatology international2011
Combined effect of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms on susceptibility to liver cirrhosis in Tunisian HCV-infected patients.
Article in Hepatology international, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatitis C in Tunisia from 1991 to 2019: A systematic review.La Tunisie medicale · 2021Pooled it
- Genetic polymorphisms -137 (rs187238) and -607 (rs1946518) in the interleukin-18 promoter may not be associated with development of hepatocellular carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in the Maghreb region: systematic review and meta-analyses.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Hepatitis C in North Africa: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Genotypic Diversity, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Advances in virology · 2025Review
- Interferon gamma polymorphisms and hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis risk in a Chinese population.Cancer cell international · 2015Article
- Smad3 phospho-isoform signaling in hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver diseases.World journal of gastroenterology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeChronic hepatitis C progression is commonly attributed to the continuous activation of the immune response with an increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to fibrosis and ultimately to cirrhosis. On the contrary, anti-inflammatory cytokines, mainly interleukin (IL)-10 have a modulatory effect on hepatic fibrogenesis. The association between individual polymorphisms within cytokine genes and hepatitis C outcome is often weak and non-informative. Interestingly, it has been demonstrated that a combination of specific genotypes may be a more significant and powerful approach for predicting disease risk.
aimThis study is aimed at investigating the combined effect of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in IL-18 (-607C/A, -137G/C), interferon (IFN)-γ (+874T/A) and IL-10 (-1082G/A) genes on cirrhosis risk in HCV-infected patients.
methodsSeventy-seven chronic hepatitis C Tunisian subjects were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: the first included 31 non-cirrhotic patients, and the second included 46 liver cirrhosis patients. IL-18 genotyping was performed using the PCR amplification and the restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP). IFN-γ and IL-10 polymorphisms were analyzed using the allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR).
resultsThe combined high-risk genotype (IL-18 -607C/*, IL-18 -137G/*, IFN-γ +874T/*, IL-10 -1082A/A) frequency was compared between patients with and those without cirrhosis. Individuals were classified according the number of high-risk genotypes as follows: (0-2), patients with at most two high-risk genotypes; (3-4), patients with at least three of the high-risk genotypes. The logistic regression analysis showed that patients harboring 3-4 putative high-risk genotypes have a fivefold higher risk for developing cirrhosis in comparison to those harboring at most two high-risk genotypes (OR = 5.19; 95% CI = 1.49-18.05; p = 0.009).
conclusionOur study showed that the co-inheritance of IL-18, IFN-γ and IL-10 specific high-risk genotypes is associated with a greater risk for liver cirrhosis.
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Registered trials
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