ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2011
Microbiology of animal bite wound infections.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 139 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
139 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 424 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of antimicrobial prophylaxis in the management of snakebite: a systematic review.Wellcome open research · 2025Pooled it
- Snakebite-Associated Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Pooled it
- Primary closure versus delayed or no closure for traumatic wounds due to mammalian bite.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Article
- Cat-Related Injuries and Rabies Exposure: A Three-Decade Retrospective Analysis from the Zagreb Antirabies Clinic (1995-2025).Viruses · 2026Article
- Article
- [A treacherous pet].Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
- Successful Thumb Replantation Following Dog Bite Avulsion Amputation in a 2-Year-Old Child: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2026Article
- Ocular injuries caused by Japanese black bears: a 10-year retrospective analysis of severity and clinical outcomes.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Laparoscopic Exploration for Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Caused by Deer Antlers: A Case Report.Surgical case reports · 2026Article
- Fastidious or rarely isolated gram-negative rods with a particular focus onClinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Choice of Primary Repair in Animal Bite Wound: A Novel Management Strategy.International wound journal · 2025Article
- The FirstInfectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Psoriasis and Canine Exposure Leading to Recurrent Prosthetic Joint Infection: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- A rare case report of metacarpal osteomyelitis following a domestic cat bite.Joint diseases and related surgery · 2025Article
- A Paradigm Shift in SSTI Management: The Multifunctional Role of Extracellular Vesicles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- [Management of bite injuries].Chirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Advanced healing potential of simple natural hydrogel loaded with sildenafil in combating infectious wounds.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Article
79 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The microbiology of animal bite wound infections in humans is often polymicrobial, with a broad mixture of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Bacteria recovered from infected bite wounds are most often reflective of the oral flora of the biting animal, which can also be influenced by the microbiome of their ingested prey and other foods. Bacteria may also originate from the victim's own skin or the physical environment at the time of injury. Our review has focused on bite wound infections in humans from dogs, cats, and a variety of other animals such as monkeys, bears, pigs, ferrets, horses, sheep, Tasmanian devils, snakes, Komodo dragons, monitor lizards, iguanas, alligators/crocodiles, rats, guinea pigs, hamsters, prairie dogs, swans, and sharks. The medical literature in this area has been made up mostly of small case series or case reports. Very few studies have been systematic and are often limited to dog or cat bite injuries. Limitations of studies include a lack of established or inconsistent criteria for an infected wound and a failure to utilize optimal techniques in pathogen isolation, especially for anaerobic organisms. There is also a lack of an understanding of the pathogenic significance of all cultured organisms. Gathering information and conducting research in a more systematic and methodical fashion through an organized research network, including zoos, veterinary practices, and rural clinics and hospitals, are needed to better define the microbiology of animal bite wound infections in humans.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.