ArticleJournal of lipid research2011
Phytosterol ester processing in the small intestine: impact on cholesterol availability for absorption and chylomicron cholesterol incorporation in healthy humans.
Article in Journal of lipid research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combined effect of plant sterols and dietary fiber for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2014Pooled it
- Time of ingestion relative to meal intake determines gastrointestinal responses to a plant sterol-containing yoghurt drink.European journal of nutrition · 2013Trial
- Comparable reduction in cholesterol absorption after two different ways of phytosterol administration in humans.European journal of nutrition · 2013Trial
- Assessing the Causal Relationships Between Lipid Species and Stroke by Using Mendelian Randomization.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Phytosterols and the Digestive System: A Review Study from Insights into Their Potential Health Benefits and Safety.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Steam explosion pretreatment enhances free/combined phytosterol extraction and utilization in rapeseed (Current research in food science · 2024Article
- Advances and Challenges in Plant Sterol Research: Fundamentals, Analysis, Applications and Production.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- Simultaneous Analysis of Free/Combined Phytosterols in Rapeseed and Their Dynamic Changes during Microwave Pretreatment and Oil Processing.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- An Overview on the Therapeutic Function of Foods Enriched with Plant Sterols in Diabetes Management.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Phytosterols: Nutritional Health Players in the Management of Obesity and Its Related Disorders.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Metabolomic Study to Evaluate the Transformations of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil's Antioxidant Phytochemicals During In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Plant Glycosides and Glycosidases: A Treasure-Trove for Therapeutics.Frontiers in plant science · 2020Review
- Modulation of Lipid Transport and Adipose Tissue Deposition by Small Lipophilic Compounds.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Review
- The Establishment of Tandem Mass Spectrometric Fingerprints of Phytosterols and Tocopherols and the Development of Targeted Profiling Strategies in Vegetable Oils.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2019Article
- LDL-Cholesterol Lowering of Plant Sterols and Stanols-Which Factors Influence Their Efficacy?Nutrients · 2018Review
- Oxidative status of a yogurt-like fermented maize product containing phytosterols.Journal of food science and technology · 2018Article
- The Lipid-lowering Effects and Associated Mechanisms of Dietary Phytosterol Supplementation.Current pharmaceutical design · 2017Review
- D38-cholesterol as a Raman active probe for imaging intracellular cholesterol storage.Journal of biomedical optics · 2016Article
- Cholesterol Lowering Effect of Plant Stanol Ester Yoghurt Drinks with Added Camelina Oil.Cholesterol · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phytosterols (plant sterols and stanols) can lower intestinal cholesterol absorption, but the complex dynamics of the lipid digestion process in the presence of phytosterol esters (PEs) are not fully understood. We performed a clinical experiment in intubated healthy subjects to study the time course of changes in the distribution of all lipid moieties present in duodenal phases during 4 h of digestion of meals with 3.2 g PE (PE meal) or without (control meal) PE. In vitro experiments under simulated gastrointestinal conditions were also performed. The addition of PE did not alter triglyceride (TG) hydrolysis in the duodenum or subsequent chylomicron TG occurrence in the circulation. In contrast, cholesterol accumulation in the duodenum aqueous phase was markedly reduced in the presence of PE (-32%, P < 0.10). In vitro experiments confirmed that PE reduces cholesterol transfer into the aqueous phase. The addition of PE resulted in a markedly reduced presence of meal-derived hepta-deuterated cholesterol in the circulation, i.e., in chylomicrons (-43%, PE meal vs. control; P < 0.0001) and plasma (-54%, PE meal vs. control; P < 0.0001). The present data show that addition of PE to a meal does not alter TG hydrolysis but displaces cholesterol from the intestinal aqueous phase and lowers chylomicron cholesterol occurrence in humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.