SynthesisAtherosclerosis2011
Interleukin 18 and coronary heart disease: prospective study and systematic review.
Synthesis in Atherosclerosis, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 72 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comorbidities in primary cicatricial alopecia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Cytokine Gene Variants as Predisposing Factors for the Development and Progression of Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review.Biomolecules · 2024Pooled it
- Association between polymorphisms in interleukin-18 promoter and risk of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis.Bioscience reports · 2019Pooled it
- Combination Treatment with Sodium Nitrite and Isoquercetin on Endothelial Dysfunction among Patients with CKD: A Randomized Phase 2 Pilot Trial.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2020Trial
- Asymmetric dimethylarginine serum levels are associated with early mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.Haematologica · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Soy provides modest benefits on endothelial function without affecting inflammatory biomarkers in adults at cardiometabolic risk.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2015Trial
- Circulating levels of IL-18 are significantly influenced by the IL-18 +183 A/G polymorphism in coronary artery disease patients with diabetes type 2 and the metabolic syndrome: an observational study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2011Trial
- Inflammatory biomarkers relationship with major adverse cardiovascular events and hypertensive-mediated organ damage, in subjects without established cardiovascular disease.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Associations of the inflammasome-dependent cytokine IL-18 with risk of coronary heart disease.Cardiovascular research · 2026Article
- Intravascular hemolysis as a converging mechanism in hemolytic disorders.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Article
- NLRP3 Inflammasome Triggers Inflammation of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Current molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Unveiling the threat of crystalline silica on the cardiovascular system. A comprehensive review of the current knowledge.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Assessment of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Role of AMPK and Sirtuins in Aging Heart: Basic and Translational Aspects.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Galectin-3, Galectin-9, and Interleukin-18 Are Associated with Monocyte/Macrophage Activation and Turnover More so than Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Cardiac Pathology or Encephalitis.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2024Article
- Macrophages in cardiovascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Accuracy of salivary biomarkers in the diagnosis of periodontal status and coronary heart disease.Journal of medicine and life · 2024Article
- Association of IL-18 gene polymorphisms with clinical aspects of hyperlipidemia in middle-aged and early people in the community.International journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Association of interleukin-6 and interleukin-18 with cardiovascular disease in older adults: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study.European journal of preventive cardiology · 2023Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimPrevious studies suggest that circulating levels of interleukin-18 (IL-18) may be prospectively related to risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in the general population. We report new data from the largest prospective study to date, which are combined with data from all published prospective studies in a meta-analysis.
methodsWe measured baseline IL-18 levels in stored serum samples of subjects from a case-control study nested within a prospective study of 5661 men aged 40-59 years recruited from general practices in 18 British towns in 1978-1980 and followed-up for up to 16 years (median time to event 8.4 years) for fatal CHD and non-fatal myocardial infarction (595 cases, 1238 controls).
resultsIL-18 concentrations were strongly related to cigarette smoking, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol (inversely) and to circulating levels of several inflammatory and haemostatic markers. Men in the top third of baseline IL-18 levels had an age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for CHD of 1.55 (95% CI 1.21, 1.98) compared with those in the lowest third; this was reduced to 1.30 (95% CI 0.99, 1.69) after additional adjustment for vascular risk factors and 1.12 (95% CI 0.84, 1.49) after further adjustment for CRP and IL-6. In meta-analyses of CVD, associations (or effect sizes) were consistent between studies; RRs were 1.64 [corrected] (95% CI 1.48, 1.83) [corrected] after age adjustment, 1.39 (95% CI 1.25, [corrected] 1.55) after additional risk factor adjustment and 1.34 (95% CI 1.17, 1.53) [corrected] after additional adjustment for inflammatory markers.
conclusionsCirculating IL-18 is prospectively and independently associated with CVD risk.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.