ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2011
Expression of IFN-γ and IL-4 in the esophageal mucosa of patients with reflux esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus and their relationship with endoscopic and histologic grading.
Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02699060 (Experimental Study to Determine the Effects of Human Refluxate), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Experimental Study to Determine the Effects of Human Refluxate (Biliary, Gastric, Duodenogastric) on Macrophage Phenotype and Its Correlation With Different Forms of GERD: Motility Talent Group Study
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of IL-33/ST2 axis in esophageal inflammatory diseases and cancers: implications for the immunopathogenesis and immunotherapeutic target?Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Article
- Key molecules involved in the Th17/Treg balance are associated with the pathogenesis of reflux esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus.Esophagus : official journal of the Japan Esophageal Society · 2021Article
- Anti-inflammatory microenvironment of esophageal adenocarcinomas negatively impacts survival.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2020Article
- In vivo investigation of acidified pepsin exposure to porcine vocal fold epithelia.The Laryngoscope · 2016Article
- Immature myeloid progenitors promote disease progression in a mouse model of Barrett's-like metaplasia.Oncotarget · 2015Article
- Epithelial-derived nuclear IL-33 aggravates inflammation in the pathogenesis of reflux esophagitis.Journal of gastroenterology · 2015Article
- Modeling human gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases using microphysiological culture systems.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2014Review
- Circulating inflammatory cytokines and adipokines are associated with increased risk of Barrett's esophagus: a case-control study.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThis study investigated the expression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the esophageal biopsies from patients with reflux esophagitis (RE) and Barrett's esophagus (BE) and their relationships with endoscopic grading and histologic grading.
methodsNinety individuals were recruited (30 RE, 30 BE, and 30 normal control) and underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with esophageal biopsy. Immunohistochemistry was used to semi-quantitatively detect the expression of IFN-γ and IL-4 in the specimens.
resultsIFN-γ was overexpressed in BE and RE compared with the control (P < 0.01), whereas IL-4 was up-regulated in BE compared with RE and control (P < 0.01). A positive correlation between the level of IFN-γ and the endoscopic grading (r = 0.509, P < 0.01) and histologic grading of RE (r = 0.493, P < 0.01) was observed.
conclusionsTh1 and Th2 immune responses play different roles in the development of RE and BE. Th1 immune response is the major pathway for RE development, whereas both Th1 and Th2 immune responses are implicated in BE pathogenesis. The expression of IFN-γ is associated with the endoscopic and histologic grading of RE.
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