ArticleJournal of bacteriology2011
Progesterone analogs influence germination of Clostridium sordellii and Clostridium difficile spores in vitro.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of sexual dimorphism and estrous cycle on murineInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Causal association of the skin microbiome with human infertility: insights from a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization.Archives of dermatological research · 2025Article
- Bile acids as germinants for Clostridioides difficile spores, evidence of adaptation to the gut?FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Clostridium septicum manifests a bile salt germinant response mediated by Clostridioides difficile csp gene orthologs.Communications biology · 2024Article
- ProbioticsmSystems · 2023Article
- Mechanism of germination inhibition of Clostridioides difficile spores by an aniline substituted cholate derivative (CaPA).The Journal of antibiotics · 2023Article
- Comparison of sporulation and germination conditions forFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Clostridioides difficile bile salt hydrolase activity has substrate specificity and affects biofilm formation.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2022Article
- Sex and Gender Differences in Bacterial Infections.Infection and immunity · 2022Review
- Mechanisms and Applications of Bacterial Sporulation and Germination in the Intestine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- An Aniline-Substituted Bile Salt Analog Protects both Mice and Hamsters from Multiple Clostridioides difficile Strains.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Biological sex influences susceptibility to Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia in mice.JCI insight · 2020Article
- Sporulation and Germination in Clostridial Pathogens.Microbiology spectrum · 2019Review
- Sexual dimorphism in bacterial infections.Biology of sex differences · 2018Review
- TheJournal of lipid research · 2018Article
- Hierarchical recognition of amino acid co-germinants during Clostridioides difficile spore germination.Anaerobe · 2018Article
- Conservation of the "Outside-in" Germination Pathway inFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Inhibitory effect of indole analogs against Paenibacillus larvae, the causal agent of American foulbrood disease.Journal of insect science (Online) · 2017Article
- Sex Steroids Mediate Bidirectional Interactions Between Hosts and Microbes.Hormones and behavior · 2017Review
- Germinants and Their Receptors in Clostridia.Journal of bacteriology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clostridium sordellii and Clostridium difficile are closely related anaerobic Gram-positive, spore-forming human pathogens. C. sordellii and C. difficile form spores that are believed to be the infectious form of these bacteria. These spores return to toxin-producing vegetative cells upon binding to small molecule germinants. The endogenous compounds that regulate clostridial spore germination are not fully understood. While C. sordellii spores require three structurally distinct amino acids to germinate, the occurrence of postpregnancy C. sordellii infections suggests that steroidal sex hormones might regulate its capacity to germinate. On the other hand, C. difficile spores require taurocholate (a bile salt) and glycine (an amino acid) to germinate. Bile salts and steroid hormones are biosynthesized from cholesterol, suggesting that the common sterane structure can affect the germination of both C. sordellii and C. difficile spores. Therefore, we tested the effect of sterane compounds on C. sordellii and C. difficile spore germination. Our results show that both steroid hormones and bile salts are able to increase C. sordellii spore germination rates. In contrast, a subset of steroid hormones acted as competitive inhibitors of C. difficile spore germination. Thus, even though C. sordellii and C. difficile are phylogenetically related, the two species' spores respond differently to steroidal compounds.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.