Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21475626›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of general medicine2011

Electronic cigarettes and thirdhand tobacco smoke: two emerging health care challenges for the primary care provider.

Ware G Kuschner, Sunayana Reddy, Nidhi Mehrotra, Harman S Paintal

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of general medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017
    Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Use of Vaping as a Smoking Cessation Aid: A Review of Clinical Trials.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2023
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. The Health Risks of Electronic Cigarette Use to Bystanders.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Article
  9. Thirdhand smoke component can exacerbate a mouse asthma model through mast cells.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2018
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Reasons for Electronic Cigarette Experimentation and Discontinuation Among Adolescents and Young Adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2015
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Electronic cigarettes are a source of thirdhand exposure to nicotine.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2015
    Article
  18. Electronic nicotine delivery systems ("e-cigarettes"): review of safety and smoking cessation efficacy.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2014
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ware G KuschnerDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Sunayana Reddy
Nidhi Mehrotra
Harman S Paintal
Stanford University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

primary care providers should be aware of two new developments in nicotine addiction and smoking cessation1) the emergence of a novel nicotine delivery system known as the electronic (e-) cigarette; and 2) new reports of residual environmental nicotine and other biopersistent toxicants found in cigarette smoke, recently described as "thirdhand smoke". The purpose of this article is to provide a clinician-friendly introduction to these two emerging issues so that clinicians are well prepared to counsel smokers about newly recognized health concerns relevant to tobacco use. E-cigarettes are battery powered devices that convert nicotine into a vapor that can be inhaled. The World Health Organization has termed these devices electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). The vapors from ENDS are complex mixtures of chemicals, not pure nicotine. It is unknown whether inhalation of the complex mixture of chemicals found in ENDS vapors is safe. There is no evidence that e-cigarettes are effective treatment for nicotine addiction. ENDS are not approved as smoking cessation devices. Primary care givers should anticipate being questioned by patients about the advisability of using e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation device. The term thirdhand smoke first appeared in the medical literature in 2009 when investigators introduced the term to describe residual tobacco smoke contamination that remains after the cigarette is extinguished. Thirdhand smoke is a hazardous exposure resulting from cigarette smoke residue that accumulates in cars, homes, and other indoor spaces. Tobacco-derived toxicants can react to form potent cancer causing compounds. Exposure to thirdhand smoke can occur through the skin, by breathing, and by ingestion long after smoke has cleared from a room. Counseling patients about the hazards of thirdhand smoke may provide additional motivation to quit smoking.

Indexed as

e-cigaretteelectronic nicotine delivery systemsnicotinethirdhand smoketobacco

Identifiers

PMID21475626
PMCPMC3068875
OpenAlexW1969952291

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.