ArticleObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2012
P wave indices, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study.
Article in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of Hypertension Using Clinical Electrocardiogram Features: A First-Ever Review.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on Incident Atrial Fibrillation and P-Wave Indices in the ACCORD Blood Pressure Trial.American journal of hypertension · 2016Trial
- Unravelling Sex Disparities in the Pathophysiology of Atrial Fibrillation: Review of the Current Evidence.Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology · 2025Review
- Effects of Physical Activity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Social Status on ECG Parameters in Children: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- The interplay of heart rate variability and ventricular repolarization parameters in the obese state: a review.Cardiovascular endocrinology & metabolism · 2025Review
- Association between obesity and cardiac conduction defects.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Obesity and Cardiac Conduction Block Disease in China.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Impact of Obesity on Atrial Electrophysiological Substrate.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Review
- Multiple anthropometric measures and proarrhythmic 12-lead ECG indices: A mendelian randomization study.PLoS medicine · 2023Article
- Obesity as a risk factor for cardiac arrhythmias.BMJ medicine · 2022Review
- The relationship between demographic features, anthropometric parameters, sleep duration, and physical activity with ECG parameters in Fasa Persian cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Article
- A New Vision at the Interface of Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Review
- The Association of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components with Electrocardiogram Parameters and Abnormalities Among an Iranian Rural Population: The Fasa PERSIAN Cohort Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2020Article
- Body mass index related electrocardiographic findings in healthy young individuals with a normal body mass index.Netherlands heart journal : monthly journal of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart Foundation · 2019Article
- Article
- Cardiac conduction disturbances in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: results from a 5-year follow-up cohort study.RMD open · 2019Observational
- The Impact of Obesity on the Cardiovascular System.Journal of diabetes research · 2018Review
- Electrocardiogram (ECG) for the Prediction of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: An Overview.Journal of atrial fibrillation · 2017Review
- Association between sleep disordered breathing and electrocardiographic markers of atrial abnormalities: the MESA study.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2017Article
- Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein of Metabolic Syndrome Modulates Gap Junctions and Slows Cardiac Conduction.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation and obesity are increasing in prevalence and are interrelated epidemics. There has been limited assessment of how obesity and the metabolic syndrome impact P wave indices, established electrocardiographic predictors of atrial fibrillation. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to determine the association of obesity and the components of the metabolic syndrome with P wave indices in the population-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Analyses were adjusted for demographic, anthropometric and clinical variables, and cardiovascular diseases and risk factors. Following relevant exclusions, 14,433 subjects were included (55% women and 24.7% black). In multivariable analyses, we identified significant, progressive increases in PR interval, P wave maximum duration, and P wave terminal force with BMI 25-30 kg/m(2) and BMI ≥30 kg/m(2) compared to the reference group <25 kg/m(2) (P < 0.0001 for trend for all P wave indices). These effects were present in both blacks and whites. Presence of metabolic syndrome was also associated with longer P wave indices. When components of the metabolic syndrome were examined separately, hypertension resulted in significant (P < 0.001) augmentation of the three P wave indices. Similarly, waist circumference was associated with greater P wave maximum duration in both races (P < 0.001). We concluded that P wave indices are significantly associated with obesity and particularly with hypertension and waist circumference. P wave indices may comprise intermediate markers, independent of age and cardiovascular risk, of the pathway linking obesity and with the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.