Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21474041›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2011

Lifetime risks for cardiovascular disease mortality by cardiorespiratory fitness levels measured at ages 45, 55, and 65 years in men. The Cooper Center Longitudinal Study.

Jarett D Berry, Benjamin Willis, Sachin Gupta, Carolyn E Barlow, Susan G Lakoski, Amit Khera, Anand Rohatgi, James A de Lemos, William Haskell, Donald M Lloyd-Jones

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01864447 (An Exercise Training and Behavioral Weight Loss Program After an Acute Blood Clot), which is not on this map. Cited by 74 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
74citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01864447 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2013, after this paper: background citation

An Exercise Training and Behavioral Weight Loss Program After an Acute Blood Clot: TRAIN ABC

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of VermontRan2013 to 2014Enrolled20ConditionsVTEArmsVTE REHABILITATION: High-Caloric Expenditure Exercise Training (HCE) and The Dietary Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention (BWL)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

74 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  19. OSA and cardiorespiratory fitness: a review.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022
    Review
  20. Article

14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jarett D BerryDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9047, USA. jarett.berry@utsouthwestern.edu
Benjamin Willis
Sachin Gupta
Carolyn E Barlow
Susan G Lakoski
Amit Khera
Anand Rohatgi
James A de Lemos
William Haskell
Donald M Lloyd-Jones

Funding

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Carotid Artery Subclincal AtherosclerosisK23HL092229 · NHLBI · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI BERRY, JARETT D · 2009 to 2013
$661k
Epidemiologic Study of Ethnicity and Lifetime Risks for Cardiovascular DiseaseR21HL085375 · NHLBI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI LLOYD-JONES, DONALD M · 2006 to 2007
$297k
NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL092229NHLBI NIH HHS R21 HL085375
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the association between fitness and lifetime risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

backgroundHigher levels of traditional risk factors are associated with marked differences in lifetime risks for CVD. However, data are sparse regarding the association between fitness and the lifetime risk for CVD.

methodsWe followed up 11,049 men who underwent clinical examination at the Cooper Institute in Dallas, Texas, before 1990 until the occurrence of CVD death, non-CVD death, or attainment of age 90 years (281,469 person-years of follow-up, median follow-up 25.3 years, 1,106 CVD deaths). Fitness was measured by the Balke protocol and categorized according to treadmill time into low, moderate, and high fitness, with further stratification by CVD risk factor burden. Lifetime risk for CVD death determined by the National Death Index was estimated for fitness levels measured at ages 45, 55, and 65 years, with non-CVD death as the competing event.

resultsDifferences in fitness levels (low fitness vs. high fitness) were associated with marked differences in the lifetime risks for CVD death at each index age: age 45 years, 13.7% versus 3.4%; age 55 years, 34.2% versus 15.3%; and age 65 years, 35.6% versus 17.1%. These associations were strongest among persons with CVD risk factors.

conclusionsA single measurement of low fitness in mid-life was associated with higher lifetime risk for CVD death, particularly among persons with a high burden of CVD risk factors.

Indexed as

Physical FitnessAgedAged, 80 and overCardiovascular DiseasesExercise TestHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedRisk AssessmentRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID21474041
PMCPMC3608397

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.