ArticleAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2011
Viral infection in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Article in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 148 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
148 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 283 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of the incidence, risk factors and prognosis of acute exacerbation of systemic autoimmune disease-associated interstitial lung disease.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The role of viral and bacterial infections in the pathogenesis of IPF: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Respiratory research · 2021Pooled it
- The Role of Herpes Viruses in Pulmonary Fibrosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of prognostic factors of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.BMJ open · 2020Pooled it
- A generative AI-discovered TNIK inhibitor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a randomized phase 2a trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Lung microbiome and disease progression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an analysis of the COMET study.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2014Trial
- Suspected acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis as an outcome measure in clinical trials.Respiratory research · 2013Trial
- Acute exacerbation in fibrotic interstitial lung disease: an international working group report.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Review
- Genetic Diversity and Genomic Characteristics of the Respiratory Virome in Patients With Severe Fungal Infections.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Series and a Narrative Literature Review.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2026Review
- Diverse anelloviruses identified in wild geladas (Theropithecus gelada).Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with acute exacerbations of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia: factor and cluster analyses.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- From Local Tissue Repair to Fibrosis: Deciphering Gene Co-Expression Networks in Benign Pulmonary Nodules and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Comorbidity via Bioinformatics and Machine Learning.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Antifibrotic Effects ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Is Immunotherapy a Contraindication for Treating Lung Cancer Patients with Interstitial Lung Diseases? A Review of the Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Comprehensive Review of Risk Factors, Genetics, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Approaches.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Microbiome-innate immune crosstalk in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an amplification framework.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Computed tomography imaging features of major pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications of fibrotic lung diseases.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Review
- The Human Respiratory Virome in Health and Disease: Interactions, Dysbiosis, and Methodological Challenges.Advanced genetics (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Development of a Prediction Model for Acute Exacerbation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Study of the Korea IPF Cohort Registry.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Article
88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive, uniformly fatal interstitial lung disease. An acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an episode of acute respiratory worsening without an identifiable etiology. Occult viral infection has been proposed as a possible cause of acute exacerbation.
objectivesTo use unbiased genomics-based discovery methods to define the role of viruses in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
methodsBronchoalveolar lavage and serum from patients with acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, stable disease, and acute lung injury were tested for viral nucleic acid using multiplex polymerase chain reaction, pan-viral microarray, and high-throughput cDNA sequencing. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsFour of forty-three patients with acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis had evidence of common respiratory viral infection (parainfluenza [n = 1], rhinovirus [n = 2], coronavirus [n = 1]); no viruses were detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage from stable patients. Pan-viral microarrays revealed additional evidence of viral infection (herpes simplex virus [n = 1], Epstein-Barr virus [n = 2], and torque teno virus [TTV] [n = 12]) in patients with acute exacerbation. TTV infection was significantly more common in patients with acute exacerbation than stable controls (P = 0.0003), but present in a similar percentage of acute lung injury controls. Deep sequencing of a subset of acute exacerbation cases confirmed the presence of TTV but did not identify additional viruses.
conclusionsViral infection was not detected in most cases of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. TTV was present in a significant minority of cases, and cases of acute lung injury; the clinical significance of this finding remains to be determined.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.