ReviewCurrent opinion in neurology2011
Current understanding of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders pathogenesis.
Review in Current opinion in neurology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 174 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
174 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 278 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Meta-Analytic Review of the Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy on Neurocognitive Outcomes in Adults Living with HIV-1 in Low-and Middle-Income Countries.Neuropsychology review · 2022Pooled it
- Predicting Efavirenz Concentrations in the Brain Tissue of HIV-Infected Individuals and Exploring their Relationship to Neurocognitive Impairment.Clinical and translational science · 2019Trial
- Focus groups inform a mobile health intervention to promote adherence to a Mediterranean diet and engagement in physical activity among people living with HIV.BMC public health · 2019Trial
- Improved Cognitive Performance and Reduced Monocyte Activation in Virally Suppressed Chronic HIV After Dual CCR2 and CCR5 Antagonism.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- Functional brain abnormalities during finger-tapping in HIV-infected older adults: a magnetoencephalography study.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2013Trial
- Linking neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration to cognitive decline in HIV.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Resting-state functional connectivity in HIV - Findings from the ENIGMA HIV working group.Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2026Article
- A Comparative Study of the Profile of Cognitive Impairment and Associated Factors among Subsets of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients in a Special Human Immunodeficiency Virus Clinic in South-East Nigeria.Annals of African medicine · 2026Article
- Comorbid HIV and Cocaine Use Exacerbate Accelerated Brain Aging.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Elevated neurotransmitter levels in people with HIV are associated with attention function.Neurobiology of disease · 2026Article
- CEST MRI assessment of HIV-1-associated neurometabolic impairments in a humanized mouse model.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Investigation of CNS damage following HIV infection and methamphetamine exposure using human iPSC-derived microglia and 3D cerebral assembloid models.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- HIF-1 Targeting Intervention Renders Protection From Alzheimer's-Like Pathology in a Humanized Mice Model of HIV Infection.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- Early pandemic HIV-1 integration site preferences differ across anatomical sites.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Time since HIV diagnosis is linked to amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Persistent type I interferon signaling within the brain of people with HIV on ART with cognitive impairment.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Isolated Bilateral Cerebellar Dysfunction as the Initial Manifestation of HIV Infection: A Diagnostic Challenge, Case Report, and Literature Review.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2025Review
- HIV, Inflammation, and Immunometabolism: A Model of the Inflammatory Theory of Disease.Viruses · 2025Review
- HIV infection in microglia leads to senescence, triggering activation of neurotoxicity pathways.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- HIV-1 Tat protein alters medial prefrontal cortex neuronal activity and recognition memory.iScience · 2025Article
114 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe present review discusses current concepts of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART). As the HIV epidemic enters its fourth decade (the second decade of ART), research must address evolving factors in HAND pathogenesis. These include persistent systemic and central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, aging in the HIV-infected brain, HIV subtype (clade) distribution, concomitant use of drugs of abuse, and potential neurotoxicity of ART drugs. RECENT
findingsAlthough the severest form of HAND, HIV-associated dementia (HAD), is now rare due to ART, the persistence of milder, functionally important HAND forms persist in up to half of HIV-infected individuals. HAND prevalence may be higher in areas of Africa where different HIV subtypes predominate, and ART regimens that are more effective in suppressing CNS HIV replication can improve neurological outcomes. HAND are correlated with persistent systemic and CNS inflammation, and enhanced neuronal injury due to stimulant abuse (cocaine and methamphetamine), aging, and possibly ART drugs themselves. SUMMARY: Prevention and treatment of HAND requires strategies aimed at suppressing CNS HIV replication and effects of systemic and CNS inflammation in aging and substance-abusing HIV populations. Use of improved CNS-penetrating ART must be accompanied by evaluation of potential ART neurotoxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.