ArticleHuman reproduction (Oxford, England)2011
Ovarian hormones and reproductive risk factors for breast cancer in premenopausal women: the Norwegian EBBA-I study.
Article in Human reproduction (Oxford, England), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predicting breast cancer risk and its association to biopsychosocial factors among Taiwanese women with a family history of breast cancer: an investigation based on the Gail model.BMC medical genomics · 2025Article
- Age at menarche and its association with preschool BMI among girls in Northern Norway.PloS one · 2025Article
- Review
- Metabolic Syndrome in Breast Cancer Patients: An Observational Study.Breast cancer : basic and clinical research · 2021Article
- Oral Contraceptive Use May Modulate Global Genomic DNA Methylation and Promoter Methylation of APC1 and ESR1Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2017Article
- Polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1), daily cycling estrogen and mammographic density phenotypes.BMC cancer · 2016Article
- Cyclic endogenous estrogen and progesterone vary by mammographic density phenotypes in premenopausal women.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2016Article
- Expression of P2X7R in breast cancer tissue and the induction of apoptosis by the gene-specific shRNA in MCF-7 cells.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2015Article
- A case-control analysis of oral contraceptive use and breast cancer subtypes in the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk Consortium.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2015Article
- Associations of reproductive time events and intervals with breast cancer risk: a report from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study.International journal of cancer · 2014Article
- Ovarian hormones and emotional eating associations across the menstrual cycle: an examination of the potential moderating effects of body mass index and dietary restraint.The International journal of eating disorders · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOvarian hormones, parity and length of 'menarche-to-first birth' time interval are known risk factors for breast cancer, yet the associations between 17β-estradiol, progesterone and these reproductive factors remain unclear.
methodsA total of 204 women (25-35 years) who participated in the Norwegian EBBA-I study collected daily saliva samples for one complete menstrual cycle, and filled in a reproductive history questionnaire. Anthropometry was measured and saliva samples were analyzed for ovarian hormones. Associations between parity, the interval and ovarian hormones, and effects of hormone-related lifestyle factors were studied in linear regression models.
resultsMean age was 30.7 years, and age of menarche 13.1 years. Parous women had on average 1.9 births, and age at first birth was 24.5 years. No association was observed between parity and ovarian steroids. In nulliparous women, higher waist circumference (≥ 77.75 cm) and longer oral contraceptive (OC) use (≥ 3 years) were associated with higher levels of 17β-estradiol. Short (<10 years) versus long (>13.5 years) 'menarche-to-first birth' interval was associated with higher overall mean (P(trend) = 0.029), 47% higher maximum peak and 30% higher mid-cycle levels of 17β-estradiol. We observed a 2.6% decrease in overall mean salivary 17β-estradiol with each 1-year increase in the interval.
conclusionsNulliparous women may be more susceptible to lifestyle factors, abdominal overweight and past OC use, influencing metabolic and hormonal profiles and thus breast cancer risk. Short time between 'menarche-to-first birth' is linked to higher ovarian hormone levels among regularly cycling women, suggesting that timing of first birth is related to fecundity.
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