Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21466698›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2011

Expansion and functional diversification of a leucyl aminopeptidase family that encodes the major protein constituents of Drosophila sperm.

Steve Dorus, Elaine C Wilkin, Timothy L Karr

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC genomics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Mitochondrial Differentiation during Spermatogenesis: Lessons fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
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  9. Review
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  15. Article
  16. Positive Selection in the Evolution of Mammalian CRISPs.Journal of molecular evolution · 2018
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Genome Wide Mapping of Peptidases inFrontiers in physiology · 2017
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Steve DorusCenters for Evolutionary Medicine and Informatics and Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5001, USA. tkarr@asu.edu
Elaine C Wilkin
Timothy L Karr
Arizona State University · USUniversity of Bath · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe evolutionary diversification of gene families through gene creation (and loss) is a dynamic process believed to be critical to the evolution of functional novelty. Previous identification of a closely related family of eight annotated metalloprotease genes of the M17 Merops family in the Drosophila sperm proteome (termed, Sperm-LeucylAminoPeptidases, S-LAPs 1-8) led us to hypothesize that this gene family may have experienced such a diversification during insect evolution.

resultsTo assess putative functional activities of S-LAPs, we (i) demonstrated that all S-LAPs are specifically expressed in the testis, (ii) confirmed their presence in sperm by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, (iii) determined that they represent a major portion of the total protein in sperm and (iv) identified aminopeptidase enzymatic activity in sperm extracts using LAP-specific substrates. Functionally significant divergence at the canonical M17 active site indicates that the largest phylogenetic group of S-LAPs lost catalytic activity and likely acquired novel, as yet undetermined, functions in sperm prior to the expansion of the gene family.

conclusionsComparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses revealed the dramatic expansion of the S-LAP gene family during Drosophila evolution and copy number heterogeneity in the genomes of related insects. This finding, in conjunction with the loss of catalytic activity and potential neofunctionalization amongst some family members, extends empirical support for pervasive "revolving door" turnover in the evolution of reproductive gene family composition and function.

Indexed as

Multigene FamilyAnimalsComparative Genomic HybridizationDrosophilaDrosophila ProteinsElectrophoresis, Gel, Two-DimensionalEvolution, MolecularGene DosageGenome, InsectLeucyl AminopeptidaseMaleMass SpectrometryPhylogenySelection, GeneticSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationSpermatozoaDrosophila ProteinsLeucyl Aminopeptidase

Identifiers

PMID21466698
PMCPMC3078892
OpenAlexW1974019325

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.