Trial reportArchives of general psychiatry2011
Rewarding, stimulant, and sedative alcohol responses and relationship to future binge drinking.
Trial report in Archives of general psychiatry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 288 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Individual Differences After Consumption of Alcohol and Other Common Substances and Long-Term Follow-Up of Social Drinking, Young Adults
Better Than Study: Targeting Heavy Alcohol Use With Naltrexone Among MSM
Who cites it
288 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 373 citations in OpenAlex.
- Are medication effects on subjective response to alcohol and cue-induced craving associated? A meta regression study.Psychopharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- The impact of alcohol priming on craving and motivation to drink: a meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Pooled it
- A meta-regression of methodological features that predict the effects of medications on the subjective response to alcohol.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2021Pooled it
- Cannabinol for Acute Treatment of Insomnia Disorder in a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial.Journal of sleep research · 2026Trial
- Effects of acute alcohol administration on endocannabinoids and relation to subjective effects.Psychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Across the spectrum: Acute alcohol responses in young adults with mild, moderate, and severe alcohol use disorder.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Trial
- Ventral prefrontal network response to alcohol in young adults with bipolar disorder: a within-subject randomized placebo-controlled alcohol administration study.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Trial
- Stimulant-like subjective effects of alcohol are not related to resting-state connectivity in healthy men.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Trial
- Cognitive preoccupation with drinking and behavioral effects of alcohol as predictors of current consumption patterns.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Trial
- Subjective response to alcohol in young adults with bipolar disorder and recent alcohol use: a within-subject randomized placebo-controlled alcohol administration study.Psychopharmacology · 2023Trial
- Differential effects of UPPS-P impulsivity on subjective alcohol response and craving: An experimental test of acquired preparedness.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2023Trial
- The neurobiological markers of acute alcohol's subjective effects in humans.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Trial
- Effects of alcohol on sleep and nocturnal heart rate: Relationships to intoxication and morning-after effects.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Trial
- The prospective interactive effects of alcohol expectancies and subjective response on future drinking behavior.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2022Trial
- Within- and between-person effects of naltrexone on the subjective response to alcohol and craving: A daily diary investigation.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Trial
- Low versus high level of response to alcohol affects amygdala functional connectivity during processing of emotional stimuli.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Trial
- Effect of intravenous ghrelin administration, combined with alcohol, on circulating metabolome in heavy drinking individuals with alcohol use disorder.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2021Trial
- Neural correlates of inhibitory control are associated with stimulant-like effects of alcohol.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- Alcohol subjective responses in heavy drinkers: Measuring acute effects in the natural environment versus the controlled laboratory setting.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2021Trial
- Striatal activation to monetary reward is associated with alcohol reward sensitivity.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Trial
228 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextExcessive consumption of alcohol is a major problem in the United States and abroad. Despite many years of study, it is unclear why some individuals drink alcohol excessively while others do not. It has been postulated that either lower or greater acute responses to alcohol, or both, depending on the limb of the breath alcohol concentration curve, contribute to propensity for alcohol misuse.
objectiveTo prospectively assess the relationship of acute alcohol responses to future binge drinking.
designWithin-subject, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multidose laboratory alcohol challenge study with intensive follow-up. Each participant completed 3 randomized sessions examining responses to a high (0.8 g/kg) and low (0.4 g/kg) alcohol dose and placebo, followed by quarterly assessments for 2 years examining drinking behaviors and alcohol diagnoses.
settingParticipants recruited from the community.
participantsHigh-risk heavy social drinkers aged 21 to 35 years who habitually engage in weekly binge drinking (n = 104) and light drinker controls (n = 86).
interventionWe conducted 570 laboratory sessions with a subsequent 99.1% follow-up (1506 of 1520).
main outcome measuresBiphasic Alcohol Effects Scale, Drug Effects Questionnaire, cortisol response, Timeline Follow-Back, Drinker Inventory of Consequences-Recent, and DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence.
resultsAlcohol produced greater stimulant and rewarding (liking and wanting) responses and lower sedative and cortisol responses in heavy vs light drinkers. Among the heavy drinkers, greater positive effects and lower sedative effects after alcohol consumption predicted increased binge drinking frequency during follow-up. In turn, greater frequency of binge drinking during follow-up was associated with greater likelihood of meeting diagnostic criteria for alcohol abuse and dependence.
conclusionsThe widely held low level response theory and differentiator model should be revised: in high-risk drinkers, stimulant and rewarding alcohol responses even at peak breath alcohol concentrations are important predictors of future alcohol problems.
trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00961792.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.