Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21463505›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2011

High recombination rates and hotspots in a Plasmodium falciparum genetic cross.

Hongying Jiang, Na Li, Vivek Gopalan, Martine M Zilversmit, Sudhir Varma, Vijayaraj Nagarajan, Jian Li, Jianbing Mu, Karen Hayton, Bruce Henschen and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
68citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
10.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

68 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 123 citations in OpenAlex.

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8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Hongying JiangLaboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Na Li
Vivek Gopalan
Martine M Zilversmit
Sudhir Varma
Vijayaraj Nagarajan
Jian Li
Jianbing Mu
Karen Hayton
Bruce Henschen
Ming Yi
Robert Stephens
Gilean McVean
Philip Awadalla
Thomas E Wellems
Xin-zhuan Su
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases · USNational Institutes of Health · USScience Applications International Corporation (United States) · USUniversité de Montréal · CAUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

Malaria Drug Resistance and Disease VirulenceZIAAI000483 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI WELLEMS, THOMAS E · 2009 to 2025
$24.5M
Intramural NIH HHSWellcome Trust 090532
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum survives pressures from the host immune system and antimalarial drugs by modifying its genome. Genetic recombination and nucleotide substitution are the two major mechanisms that the parasite employs to generate genome diversity. A better understanding of these mechanisms may provide important information for studying parasite evolution, immune evasion and drug resistance.

resultsHere, we used a high-density tiling array to estimate the genetic recombination rate among 32 progeny of a P. falciparum genetic cross (7G8 × GB4). We detected 638 recombination events and constructed a high-resolution genetic map. Comparing genetic and physical maps, we obtained an overall recombination rate of 9.6 kb per centimorgan and identified 54 candidate recombination hotspots. Similar to centromeres in other organisms, the sequences of P. falciparum centromeres are found in chromosome regions largely devoid of recombination activity. Motifs enriched in hotspots were also identified, including a 12-bp G/C-rich motif with 3-bp periodicity that may interact with a protein containing 11 predicted zinc finger arrays.

conclusionsThese results show that the P. falciparum genome has a high recombination rate, although it also follows the overall rule of meiosis in eukaryotes with an average of approximately one crossover per chromosome per meiosis. GC-rich repetitive motifs identified in the hotspot sequences may play a role in the high recombination rate observed. The lack of recombination activity in centromeric regions is consistent with the observations of reduced recombination near the centromeres of other organisms.

Indexed as

Crossing Over, GeneticChromosome MappingCrosses, GeneticGenetic VariationGenome, ProtozoanHumansMalariaMeiosisPlasmodium falciparumRecombination, Genetic

Identifiers

PMID21463505
PMCPMC3218859
OpenAlexW2162928486

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.