Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21463028›Full record

ReviewPsychological bulletin2011

Neuroanatomical substrates of age-related cognitive decline.

Timothy A Salthouse

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Psychological bulletin, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 212 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
212citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

212 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  17. Cognitive dedifferentiation in later life: longitudinal findings from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026
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152 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Timothy A SalthouseDepartment of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4400, USA. salthouse@virginia.edu

Funding

Short-term cognitive change in adults from 18 to 80R37AG024270 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE · PI SALTHOUSE, TIMOTHY · 2005 to 2014
$4.4M
NIA NIH HHS R37 AG024270NIA NIH HHS R37AG024270
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There are many reports of relations between age and cognitive variables and of relations between age and variables representing different aspects of brain structure and a few reports of relations between brain structure variables and cognitive variables. These findings have sometimes led to inferences that the age-related brain changes cause the age-related cognitive changes. Although this conclusion may well be true, it is widely recognized that simple correlations are not sufficient to warrant causal conclusions, and other types of correlational information, such as mediation and correlations between longitudinal brain changes and longitudinal cognitive changes, also have limitations with respect to causal inferences. These issues are discussed, and the existing results on relations of regional volume, white matter hyperintensities, and diffusion tensor imaging measures of white matter integrity to age and to measures of cognitive functioning are reviewed. It is concluded that at the current time the evidence that these aspects of brain structure are neuroanatomical substrates of age-related cognitive decline is weak. The final section contains several suggestions concerning measurement and methodology that may lead to stronger conclusions in the future.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsAgingBrainCognitionCognition DisordersDiffusion Tensor ImagingHumansLongitudinal StudiesMiddle AgedModels, NeurologicalOrgan SizeYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID21463028
PMCPMC3132227

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.