ArticleVirology journal2011
HIV integrase variability and genetic barrier in antiretroviral naïve and experienced patients.
Article in Virology journal, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Design, Synthesis, Docking Study and Biological Evaluation of 4-Hydroxy-2Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR · 2021Article
- An Evolutionary Model-Based Approach To Quantify the Genetic Barrier to Drug Resistance in Fast-Evolving Viruses and Its Application to HIV-1 Subtypes and Integrase Inhibitors.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Article
- Relationship between HIV integrase polymorphisms and integrase inhibitor susceptibility: AnHeliyon · 2018Article
- Molecular evolution of HIV-1 integrase during the 20 years prior to the first approval of integrase inhibitors.Virology journal · 2017Article
- Lack of impact of pre-existing T97A HIV-1 integrase mutation on integrase strand transfer inhibitor resistance and treatment outcome.PloS one · 2017Article
- Genetic Consequences of Antiviral Therapy on HIV-1.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2015Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHIV-1 integrase (IN) variability in treatment naïve patients with different HIV-1 subtypes is a major issue. In fact, the effect of previous exposure to antiretrovirals other than IN inhibitors (INI) on IN variability has not been satisfactorily defined. In addition, the genetic barrier for specific INI resistance mutations remains to be calculated.
methodsIN variability was analyzed and compared with reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PR) variability in 41 treatment naïve and 54 RT inhibitor (RTI) and protease inhibitor (PRI) experienced patients from subjects infected with subtype B and non-B strains. In addition, four HIV-2 strains were analyzed in parallel. Frequency and distribution of IN mutations were compared between HAART-naïve and RTI/PI-experienced patients; the genetic barrier for 27 amino acid positions related to INI susceptibility was calculated as well.
resultsPrimary mutations associated with resistance to INI were not detected in patients not previously treated with this class of drug. However, some secondary mutations which have been shown to contribute to INI resistance were found. Only limited differences in codon usage distribution between patient groups were found. HIV-2 strains from INI naïve patients showed the presence of both primary and secondary resistance mutations.
conclusionExposure to antivirals other than INI does not seem to significantly influence the emergence of mutations implicated in INI resistance. HIV-2 strain might have reduced susceptibility to INI.
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