Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21453061›Full record

ReviewAnnual review of physical chemistry2011

Coherent nonlinear optical imaging: beyond fluorescence microscopy.

Wei Min, Christian W Freudiger, Sijia Lu, X Sunney Xie

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Annual review of physical chemistry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 193 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
193citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

193 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Principle of Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy: Emerging at High Spatiotemporal Limits.The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Wei MinDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Christian W Freudiger
Sijia Lu
X Sunney Xie

Funding

Imaging the Invisible with No Labels: A Major Opportunity in Biology and MedicineR01EB010244 · NIBIB · HARVARD UNIVERSITY · PI XIE, XIAOLIANG SUNNEY · 2009 to 2013
$3.9M
NIBIB NIH HHS 1R01EB010244-01NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB010244
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The quest for ultrahigh detection sensitivity with spectroscopic contrasts other than fluorescence has led to various novel approaches to optical microscopy of biological systems. Coherent nonlinear optical imaging, especially the recently developed nonlinear dissipation microscopy (including stimulated Raman scattering and two-photon absorption) and pump-probe microscopy (including excited-state absorption, stimulated emission, and ground-state depletion), provides new image contrasts for nonfluorescent species. Thanks to the high-frequency modulation transfer scheme, these imaging techniques exhibit superb detection sensitivity. By directly interrogating vibrational and/or electronic energy levels of molecules, they offer high molecular specificity. Here we review the underlying principles and excitation and detection schemes, as well as exemplary biomedical applications of this emerging class of molecular imaging techniques.

Indexed as

AbsorptionFluorescenceMicroscopy, FluorescenceMicroscopy, Scanning ProbeMolecular ImagingNonlinear DynamicsOptics and PhotonicsPhotoelectron SpectroscopyPhotonsSensitivity and SpecificitySpectrum Analysis, RamanTomography, Optical CoherenceVibration

Identifiers

PMID21453061
PMCPMC3427791

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.