Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21451769›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of pharmaceutical education2011

Economic analysis of earning a PhD degree after completion of a PharmD degree.

Nicholas E Hagemeier, Matthew M Murawski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of pharmaceutical education, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Net Income of Pharmacy Faculty Compared to Community and Hospital Pharmacists.American journal of pharmaceutical education · 2016
    Article
  4. Economic Analysis of Obtaining a PharmD Degree and Career as a Pharmacist.American journal of pharmaceutical education · 2015
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Is there a need for more research-based courses in the PharmD curriculum?American journal of pharmaceutical education · 2011
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Nicholas E HagemeierCollege of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. nhagemei@purdue.edu
Matthew M Murawski

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine the net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) for earning a doctor of philosophy (PhD) degree and pursuing careers commonly associated with that degree after completion of a doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) degree compared to entering pharmacy practice directly upon completion of the PharmD degree.

methodsIncome profiles were constructed based on 2008 annual salary data. NPV and IRR were calculated for careers resulting from the PhD degree and compared to those of the practicing community pharmacist. Trends in IRR also were examined across career paths from 1982 to 2008. A priori assumptions were developed and sensitivity analyses were conducted.

resultsThe NPVs for all careers associated with the PhD degree were negative compared to that of the practicing community pharmacist. IRRs ranged from -1.4% to 1.3% for PhD careers. Longitudinal examination of IRRs indicated a negative trend from 1982 to 2008.

conclusionsEconomic financial incentives for PharmD graduates to pursue graduate school are lacking. The study illustrates the need to consider financial incentives when developing recruitment methods for PharmD graduates to pharmacy graduate programs.

Indexed as

Career ChoiceCommunity Pharmacy ServicesEducation, Pharmacy, GraduateHumansLongitudinal StudiesPharmacistsSalaries and Fringe BenefitsStudents, PharmacyUnited Statescareereconomic analysisgraduate educationinternal rate of returnsalary

Identifiers

PMID21451769
PMCPMC3049656

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.