Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21451498›Full record

Trial reportNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2011

Methylphenidate normalizes fronto-striatal underactivation during interference inhibition in medication-naïve boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Katya Rubia, Rozmin Halari, Ana Cubillo, Anna B Smith, Abdul-Majeed Mohammad, Michael Brammer, Eric Taylor

Abstract readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  13. Methylphenidate effects on brain activity as a function of SLC6A3 genotype and striatal dopamine transporter availability.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2015
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  17. Methylphenidate normalizes resting-state brain dysfunction in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2013
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27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Katya RubiaDepartment of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK. katya.rubia@kcl.ac.uk
Rozmin Halari
Ana Cubillo
Anna B Smith
Abdul-Majeed Mohammad
Michael Brammer
Eric Taylor

Funding

Medical Research Council G9900839Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 053272/Z/98/Z/JRS/JP/JAT
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have deficits in interference inhibition, which can be improved with the indirect catecholamine agonist methylphenidate (MPH). Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to investigate the effects of a single dose of MPH on brain activation during interference inhibition in medication-naïve ADHD boys. Medication-naïve boys with ADHD were scanned twice, in a randomized, double-blind design, under either a single clinical dose of MPH or placebo, while performing a Simon task that measures interference inhibition and controls for the oddball effect of low-frequency appearance of incongruent trials. Brain activation was compared within patients under either drug condition. To test for potential normalization effects of MPH, brain activation in ADHD patients under either drug condition was compared with that of healthy age-matched comparison boys. During incongruent trials compared with congruent-oddball trials, boys with ADHD under placebo relative to controls showed reduced brain activation in typical areas of interference inhibition, including right inferior prefrontal cortex, left striatum and thalamus, mid-cingulate/supplementary motor area, and left superior temporal lobe. MPH relative to placebo upregulated brain activation in right inferior prefrontal and premotor cortices. Under the MPH condition, patients relative to controls no longer showed the reduced activation in right inferior prefrontal and striato-thalamic regions. Effect size comparison, furthermore, showed that these normalization effects were significant. MPH significantly normalized the fronto-striatal underfunctioning in ADHD patients relative to controls during interference inhibition, but did not affect medial frontal or temporal dysfunction. MPH therefore appears to have a region-specific upregulation effect on fronto-striatal activation.

Indexed as

Inhibition, PsychologicalAdolescentAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityChildCorpus StriatumDouble-Blind MethodHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMethylphenidatePrefrontal CortexReaction TimeMethylphenidate

Identifiers

PMID21451498
PMCPMC3116801

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.