ArticleNeuropathology and applied neurobiology2011
Cannabinoid receptor expression in HIV encephalitis and HIV-associated neuropathologic comorbidities.
Article in Neuropathology and applied neurobiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 Agonist JWH-133 Stimulates Antiviral Factors and Decreases Proviral, Inflammatory, and Neurotoxic Proteins in HIV-Infected Macrophage Secretome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Differential Effects of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonists on HIV Replication and Inflammatory Activation in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Microglia.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Cannabinoid Receptor 2 (CB2) in Macrophages: A Promising Clinical Target for Immune Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Beneficial and adverse effects of THC on cognition in the HIV-1 transgenic rat model: Importance of exploring task- and sex-dependent outcomes.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- THC reverses SIV-induced senescence in astrocytes: possible compensatory mechanism against HIV associated brain injury?Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Acute Effects of Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibitor ABX1431 on Neuronal Hyperexcitability, Nociception, Locomotion, and the Endocannabinoid System in HIV-1 Tat Male Mice.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2024Article
- Structural and Functional Dysregulation of the Brain Endothelium in HIV Infection and Substance Abuse.Cells · 2024Review
- Changes in Immune-Related Biomarkers and Endocannabinoids as a Function of Frequency of Cannabis Use in People Living With and Without HIV.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2024Article
- Cannabinoids and endocannabinoids as therapeutics for nervous system disorders: preclinical models and clinical studies.Neural regeneration research · 2024Review
- Effects of acute ΔBrain research · 2024Article
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- Effects of acute cannabidiol on behavior and the endocannabinoid system in HIV-1 Tat transgenic female and male mice.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- GP120 and tenofovir alafenamide alter cannabinoid receptor 1 expression in hippocampus of mice.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Article
- Differential Regulation of Tachykinin and Opioid System Gene Expression in Brain and Immune Cells of Chronic Binge Alcohol-Treated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaques.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2023Article
- Hippocampal expression of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 in canine epilepsy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Anti-inflammatory effects of recreational marijuana in virally suppressed youth with HIV-1 are reversed by use of tobacco products in combination with marijuana.Retrovirology · 2022Article
- Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsCannabinoids have been proposed for treating various neurodegenerative disorders and as adjunct therapy for HIV+ patients with neurologic sequelae. The expression of cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) has been reported in neurodegenerative diseases and in simian immunodeficiency virus encephalitis, yet the receptor expression in the central nervous system of HIV+ individuals is not known.
methodsAn anti-CB1 antibody and two anti-CB2 antibodies were employed for immunohistochemistry in the cerebral cortex and white matter of HIV encephalitis (HIVE) and HIV-associated comorbidities, as well as control brains (HIV- and HIV+).
resultsBy quantitative image analysis, we observed that CB1 was increased in HIVE brains and those with comorbidities, while CB2 was significantly increased in the white matter of HIVE. Morphologically, CB1 was present in neurones, and both CB1 and CB2 were present in meningeal macrophages and subpial glia in all brains. In HIVE, CB1 was found in white matter microglia and perivascular cells, while CB2 was increased in microglia, astrocytes and perivascular macrophages. Double immunofluorescence with cell-specific markers and immunoblots on primary cultured microglia and astrocytes substantiated the glial localization of the cannabinoid receptors and specificity of the antibodies.
conclusionsOur study indicates that cannabinoid receptor expression occurs in glia in HIVE brains, and this may have ramifications for the potential use of cannabinoid ligands in HIV-infected patients.
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