Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21447600›Full record

ArticleHuman molecular genetics2011

Copy number variations on chromosome 12q14 in patients with normal tension glaucoma.

John H Fingert, Alan L Robin, Jennifer L Stone, Ben R Roos, Lea K Davis, Todd E Scheetz, Steve R Bennett, Thomas H Wassink, Young H Kwon, Wallace L M Alward and 3 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human molecular genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
116citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
12.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

116 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 224 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Neuroinflammation in glaucoma: a myriad of cellular pathways and players.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Microglial cGAS-STING signaling underlies glaucoma pathogenesis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Genetic Aspects of Glaucoma: An Updated Review.Current molecular medicine · 2024
    Review
  13. Identification ofGenetics in medicine open · 2024
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

John H FingertDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. john-fingert@uiowa.edu
Alan L Robin
Jennifer L Stone
Ben R Roos
Lea K Davis
Todd E Scheetz
Steve R Bennett
Thomas H Wassink
Young H Kwon
Wallace L M Alward
Robert F Mullins
Val C Sheffield
Edwin M Stone
University of Iowa · USHoward Hughes Medical Institute · USJohns Hopkins University · USRetina Specialists · USUniversity of Minnesota · US

Funding

MOLECULAR GENETICS OF HEREDITARY GLAUCOMAR01EY010564 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI SHEFFIELD, VAL C. · 1994 to 2010
$4.7M
PREDOCTORAL TRAINING PROGRAM IN GENETICST32GM008629 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI EBERL, DANIEL F · 1997 to 2021
$4.1M
Genetics of Quantitative Traits Associated with GlaucomaR01EY018825 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI FINGERT, JOHN H · 2009 to 2013
$3.2M
The Molecular Genetics of Pigmentary GlaucomaK08EY017698 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI FINGERT, JOHN H · 2006 to 2010
$786k
NEI NIH HHS K08 EY017698NEI NIH HHS R01 EY010564NEI NIH HHS R01EY010564NEI NIH HHS R01 EY018825NEI NIH HHS R01EY018825NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008629
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We report identification of a novel genetic locus (GLC1P) for normal tension glaucoma (NTG) on chromosome 12q14 using linkage studies of an African-American pedigree (maximum non-parametric linkage score = 19.7, max LOD score = 2.7). Subsequent comparative genomic hybridization and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments identified a 780 kbp duplication within the GLC1P locus that is co-inherited with NTG in the pedigree. Real-time PCR studies showed that the genes within this duplication [TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase 1), XPOT, RASSF3 and GNS] are all expressed in the human retina. Cohorts of 478 glaucoma patients (including 152 NTG patients), 100 normal control subjects and 400 age-related macular degeneration patients were subsequently tested for copy number variation in GLC1P. Overlapping duplications were detected in 2 (1.3%) of the 152 NTG subjects, one of which had a strong family history of glaucoma. These duplications defined a 300 kbp critical region of GLC1P that spans two genes (TBK1 and XPOT). Microarray expression experiments and northern blot analysis using RNA obtained from human skin fibroblast cells showed that duplication of chromosome 12q14 results in increased TBK1 and GNS transcription. Finally, immunohistochemistry studies showed that TBK1 is expressed in the ganglion cells, nerve fiber layer and microvasculature of the human retina. Together, these data link the duplication of genes on chromosome 12q14 with familial NTG and suggest that an extra copy of the encompassed TBK1 gene is likely responsible for these cases of glaucoma. However, animal studies will be necessary to rule out a role for the other duplicated or neighboring genes.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanBlotting, NorthernChromosome DuplicationChromosomes, Human, Pair 12Cohort StudiesComparative Genomic HybridizationDNA Copy Number VariationsGenetic LinkageHumansLow Tension GlaucomaMicroarray AnalysisPedigreePolymerase Chain ReactionProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesTBK1 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID21447600
PMCPMC3098731
OpenAlexW2101873043

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.