ArticleBMJ quality & safety2011
Health and social services expenditures: associations with health outcomes.
Article in BMJ quality & safety, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05510765 (ACTiN and Health Metrics), which is not on this map. Cited by 119 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
ACTiN and Health Metrics: Improving Transportation Assets as a Critical Social Determinant of Health and the Effects on Wellness and Chronic Disease Metrics.
Who cites it
119 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Medication Adherence: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The social determinants of infant mortality and birth outcomes in Western developed nations: a cross-country systematic review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2013Pooled it
- Low birthweight in second children after nurse home visiting.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2018Trial
- Japan's health system toward 2040: structural challenges and a renewed social contract.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Review
- Mapping morbidity data and identifying data gaps for EU countries in the Global Burden of Disease 2023 study.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- How to Fix a Broken Health Care System: Pathways to Maximize Health and Well-being for All.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Association of Health and Social Spending With Health Outcomes in OECD Countries.Health services research · 2025Article
- American Life in Realtime: Benchmark, publicly available person-generated health data for equity in precision health.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- The intergenerational transmission from adult Children's education to parents' health in China: Nonlinearity and mechanisms.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Addressing Social Determinants of Health in Primary Care Patients May Reduce Hospital Readmissions: A Quasi-Experimental Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Article
- Is Redistribution Good for Our Health? Examining the Macrocorrelation between Welfare Generosity and Health across EU Nations over the Last 40 Years.Journal of health politics, policy and law · 2024Article
- Chasing cancer: does the social-to-medical spending ratio relate to cancer incidence and mortality in Canadian provinces? A retrospective cohort study.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Prescription for Cash? Cash Support to Low-Income Families in Maternal and Pediatric Health Care Settings.The Milbank quarterly · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- User-reported quality of care: findings from the first round of the People's Voice Survey in 14 countries.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Review
- Determinants of life-expectancy and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in European and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries: A longitudinal analysis (1990-2019).SSM - population health · 2023Article
- Clinical competence, communication ability and adherence to choosing wisely recommendations for lipid reducing drug use in older adults.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- Municipal social expenditures and maternal health disparities: a study of linked birth and hospitalisation records.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2023Article
59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo examine variations in health service expenditures and social services expenditures across Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries and assess their association with five population-level health outcomes.
designA pooled, cross-sectional analysis using data from the 2009 release of the OECD Health Data 2009 Statistics and Indicators and OECD Social Expenditure Database.
settingOECD countries (n = 30) from 1995 to 2005. MAIN OUTCOMES: Life expectancy at birth, infant mortality, low birth weight, maternal mortality and potential years of life lost.
resultsHealth services expenditures adjusted for gross domestic product (GDP) per capita were significantly associated with better health outcomes in only two of five health indicators; social services expenditures adjusted for GDP were significantly associated with better health outcomes in three of five indicators. The ratio of social expenditures to health expenditures was significantly associated with better outcomes in infant mortality, life expectancy and increased potential life years lost, after adjusting for the level of health expenditures and GDP.
conclusionAttention to broader domains of social policy may be helpful in accomplishing improvements in health envisioned by advocates of healthcare reform.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21447501What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.